User talk:Perry.js

Heading text
FangRuida    research    papers.textItalic text https://archive.org/details/Paper2019

Heading textwww.academia.edu/.../natural_science_researched_papers--fangruida
www.academia.edu/.../Professor_Fang_Rui_Da_upload_papers_author_ fangruida_ruida-Fang_www.academia.edu/5565114/Paper_2019fangruida

-_____________________________________________________________________physics, cosmology, phsical-chemistry, Biomechonces, etc. THE UNIVERSE. STRUCTURE AND CHAGE IN TREND OF CONDITIONS PRIMARY WITH INITIAL SIATE INFINITED SPECIFIIC DOMAIM-VAUE LIM. JENERAL-CHANGINE-DISCUSION OTHER CHARACTER OF SUBMERCE CHARACTER WITH SIDE OVER SIDE HYDED MFTAOR-PHOSIS AND CAI TONEIS CHARACTER WITH IS STKUCTU RD OF WITHIN REPLACE-CONGUGATE FOR FUNDMENTAL PARICLES AND IT'S TOGFTHER EVOLUTION CONJUGATE MID-CONJUGATE, ORDER, DIS-ORDER, AND CHARACTER, OF ANTI-DIVELOPMNT DEVELOPIMEIVT IN TO EVOLUTIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR STUCTURE. KEY WORDS.//others. Cross times and space comic domain large cycle, The rotating-potintial-field front comtraty space-vieviy polymeraztion-phrase. cross-essape phyase. double substances. recessive space vocont space recessive scattering U.P.I. - correspedence Model of double-congruence of wave-shall cosmic initial state. non-standard sides non cirde of confusion double life radical pime-prime vocont space rumination prehitoric man foremost Mans reversion-changing (double "half-earth" changing inundation.) The madel of times and space shearingex changeable universe-phrases. quadrilateral and David deer space correspondence. law of many-motion conservation.in or ganic-organic be non-linear. nomology reducing compler variable. Test of particle pararitic divergence. Qbm condensaton of parity-foliafons. negative mivture linkors. particle internal-delay developing Rs1. particle extermal-delay derveloping-Rs2. sun-sestem-spocoalization-structue. particle zo theory F/ volume for life fundamental unit M. time, space and another cross-change variation. life in interstellar spaces evolution orcers. foliation fall-change-collective structure bornded rdstrain equation obsolute-side equation particle zo theory of specoial-charging. U.P.E. (ether) revolution-charging. Experiments and Model-Analysis, etc. (some is disscution only. (1) The Model-Analysis for computers (xpecial sofl ware, matled, etc) (2) particle experimant, solor probe solar proton monitor, solar radiation on observation , space probe space , simultor. (3) Areography and argeophysics Analysis SPECIAL-MADED SYNCHROTRON (4) Messenger RNA CMRMA CD-RNA Informational RNA complemental RNA Traaxrpt RNA, Tronslational RNA, SPECLAL-ANALYZER. (5) others: explored of science, observation of telescope, satellite's photograbhg determined, computer analogue. This is important methods for researched and tests. INTRODUCTION It is not always certain how the Earth began probobly itbegan as a huge glore of gas and bus. The globe became smaller and denser and most of the gas driften away leaving bdhind of solid matter, thess bodies ually collected together to form solid Earth, them the evpn solid Earth becaume hot and molter caasing certair materiall to rise to the surface. inside of the to rise to the surface. This probally pesulted in the formation and hard, while the core is probally hot andnolten. Some of the materials which were pushed up to the crust from the molter core of the Earth formed water, For a long time, as the amounnt of oxygen in the atmosphere increased, the atmosphere, so that later on animals develooped, Fag, some plants and animals living in the soill ais so small that we cannot see them, Because of this, we say the are microscopic, Gerns or microbes are microscopic form of life. In other words, the nuiverse's structure particle, gene, etc and hypothesiss appearre, Hhere, it is well known that bailt new reviews for nature science todays. The stars. moon, sun, gene, cells, head, hasin, peak, glowth ring, flowery;fruits, burrows. cavity, caggtophytlith, caustozoolith, circulating.convolute belding, cycle of erosion, cyclones......What is meantby circle-ring? why called it in this way? (physics chemistry, mathamatics etc. recalling decimal, sound wave electron, mucleus, penriodiclaw and so on. Where is it today? Is it circle-ring in the universe's nature motion? What relation it with celestial body's-source, particle's structure, life eolution, universe and force motion? These was a place explorers and scientistpay close pattestion and reseal-ched. From Newton cosmologiceal mude to Einstein Static mode, from Laplace, Kepller, tsrussei, Habble, rom . Mariuer spacecruft, Venus pobes, Mars Probes to particles, Gene revolutions and "Sparks-wheel-landing 1999" and so on, physics Chemistry, medicine, biology, geology, geonophy. astronomy and many and many techniqual eccence new results being with new changes day after day We called"CIRCE-RING"'s essentiality. (Fig,sketch no1. 2. 22. 23.24) mocdable, Compatibilty attibute rediscover. extension, non-regularity to be dictated to by basic theorys, basic Tests, basic important explortion and discover, to be bound with circle-ring. This hypothesis indicatsed that Circle-Ring of macroscopic properties and Mic roscopic structure (e. g. patricles structure-develping). If as affected "Circle-ring-motion" substances and motion was boundless. On the aualogy of this to be approaching to simialr recessive or pellucida circle-ring, by analogy all for motions descend it from and depend them. But is it finally-laws? For the matter of that it was amsiguity idem. quasistobity, if from and depend them, For the matter of that it was amsiguity idem, quasistedlity, As contrasted wity centricity, them was beyoud of the bounds of or-thodox, science, therefor-them he not establish. But. unconditional laws not perfect necessarily no matter how mighty or tset, Its to be characterized by the above hypo-thesis means that so-me important test and many exploration and discovery (expeditions, journeys, ventures and investigated). Similer "circle-ring" no matter form, pattern or real body, real image its key was give us many experi-menta eridence, more need not said hundreds of millions of lings, sprnerical, doughnut of recessive, curcular-motion which that be in different in the world. (OD, paper, q.v. specal, them's elaborated, test, etc.) From 1965 to 1992 years, I finished some explortion or excavaued. find important singularity ring-circle, etc. and many systematics. And I go a step further researched and test for study these discovery. Including other researched in hoem and abroauin 1995~1997. It is not liways cetmain not the Earth began probobly itbegan as a huge glore of gas and dust. The globe became smaller and dencer and most of the gas driften away leaving behind bodise of solid matter, These bodies ually collected together to form solid Earth, Them the evpn solid Earth becaume hot and molter caasing certair materiall to rise to the surface. inside of the to rise to the surface. This probally pesulted in the formation and hard, while the core is probally hot andnolten. Some of the materials whichwere pushed up to the crust from the molter core of he Earth formed water, For a long time, a the earth's atmosphere. did not contain much oxygen as amount of oxygen in the almosphere increased, the atmosphere, so that later on auimals develooed, Fag, some plants and animals living in the soil ais so small that we cannot see them, Becaues of this, we say the are microscopic, Gerns or microbes are microscoic form of life. In other words, the universe's stucture and item conditions. of plimary with initial state, basic particles theory, orign of life and other items, is implortant therefore it is wldely using many basic theory for scicnce. Since, many theorys and hypothesiss appearre, Hhere, it is well kmown Known that bailt new reviews for nature science todays. The moeromolecaror structure, particles waves and attraction force found "field of all cobldinate" inter polantary heivs, non-body special fonction and others will be rearching deeply and widely by us. We point out that universe are circulatory theorys."within greats small and" microcircalar torys "for all be listed in tables and Figs".The past methoes and law of thoorvs will be but only proved above problems also let us to tldective usually. It will be seen from this that the study's who wish to for most be familliav with varius modern theorys, we are approcching, it not be losting prerious princpious. a mautter what. I has been found that "Universe-fied" cross times and space cosmic domain, double substanses. vocont space recessive sootering. I.P.I. oorrespedence.cosmic inltial state nonstardard sides, double life racical mars reversion, changing, the model of times and space shearing-oxchangouble, Univeresphrases, equation of N-X for regression at particles of a hunch-poles. bounded restrain equation. inorganic-organic be non-linear. test of particle parasitic divergence. particle, interndl-delay developing Rx1. particle externall-delay developing Res. particle zo theory where be. that be volume for life foudamemtal unity. time space and anlther cross-changed variation. life in inter-stellar spaces evolution orders etc. It is therefore, necessary that us learn how these various typse of phoaonenon differ from each other how they are produced and vanished, and how that are charged. developing, replace-conjugated, together evlolction, ordar and dis-order etc, simple interplanetary seortor-structure medium mobecullles gas, dyusts, polasma quorl topolgy ,nertral. Single.H-qeatuu model HFS hyperolorge exchinge Seraoge particle and organied Elments etc. In general words, it is important that research them has interconnect effects, we obtains flowing interences! (1) coxmic-fields with widely and many porases; (2)circulatory theory and its specialty (3)disordery is nto mirup (4)comic space dnfinite thresneld, confine reqquation; (5)model of many-hypermetamonphosis bunchs for someoler'sside, it is gradeton and rot divhiddero; (6)Maorenelemular exchaned; (7)law of many-motion corservvation (8)model of double-congruence of wave-shell (9)Frort contrarv space vieiy (10)parity's palse beat-motion (11)particles inter-couplins (12)negative mixture link-ors (13)law of many motion conservation. (14)prehiseoric man-foremost (15)foliafion fall-change, collective structure (16)surface of gravitational field (Cosmology, physics, biology, composite cross, subject of rim etc) (2) we discution universe structure, viz iterm's local and whole for aquilibrium. law of lical equilibrium following formula as distinote from above formula law of local whole situation equilibium this to be dictated to by disaliqnment. Because as contrasted with enantiotropy of equation, it not have preoqiasite, For the matter of that, them were gntipole, to such an extent that be calculate lie. drivation, formulations ,thesi's formula concern formula etc/In other words, Universe's local equilibrim , and whole situation was notbe-equivalent. Althogh them are of fsinialar quality but not be identity. The universe force formula. above formulato be characterized by charge in-value and charge ariasle, beyond the hounds of special by anology. star-bodys statistical integral equation general forma we obtained licciton the analgy of invelved gtthibutes. we stmplify, and obtain formal ation. where kois starbodys, is the product of the stars whole, a,b,r...is star The derivaiv, simplified obtain The dervaiv,simplplified obtain in that iufaence, l et m is equal to such proved finished. since mathematical derivation was big scale, not only is un-quantitayive but also isn's quasistasility,(lontingent benilder us theory As a matter of convenience, we postalat (unsolva bil, ty ) according derivation, we obtain cosmic initial state, desend rom above formulae. the model of times and space shering ,and exch anmgenable the large cycle,double substances .equation of N-X,for regression At particles o f abuuchpolles. where N is particle's modulus X is modali-valume Z is reqression yalume, mi i s regression coefficien. Dsinx-cosx by analgy UAa, in othr words ie because a N or ttAa (1)ACA=A, AOA=A(2.5) (2)ACQ=A (2.5) (3)CAC'BPDC=(ADC)V(CBOC)(2.7) (4)(ADC)=ADC BDC(2.8) (5)(ADBDCC=ADCBVC AaCCBAC, AccBnc(3.0)(3.1) above involvde diversity, compatibility and enqutiotroppy According to Barach-Steinhans. as contrased with A. X.B.C.so proper matrix equation reciprlcol negative matricx. Im 1949, Fami and Yang zhen-ning point out Fins-stronglyparticle, but, its' polarization asymmetry, metamer, Fcp,fitting p arameter, critical value and crossed field, we understand them was order, dis-orderand mid-order. matterenergy-equivalence ardinng above laws, we also understand that equivalence only using uer-disorder process interknal frictin, it's probbilify of ordering ordering was very finiteness (finite model) Spece-reflection-changing invariankility of time rumination energy and biochemisty reaction corjugate of electric charge particle anti-partice conjugate The polymerzotion-phrase, crossed-essape phrase, recesside space, vocont space, Model of double-congrupnce of double-congrupnce of wave-shhell and others, Field equation. For it ,we set up mathematical-Model:RSI test of particle parasitic divergence, qbm condensation of parity-foliations, sun-sestems, Secialzation-structure, particle zo theory, etc, be shown as Figs and Tables.Charles Darwin's The origoin of Specise(1859 years) it's theory of evolution strugyle for existence and evolution of, give us many important guide to research for origin and evolution of mankind specilly sivsynthesis and biogenetiic.(Primitive macromolecular structure and originevolation),Hoever,Aarwinism and later mender's lows. low-maceomelecular synthesis form here, we obtain following oonolaed: This hypothesis indiates that: low- macrome curaars syhthesis was lousle evolutions(synthesis, analysis etc). for man-kind said, life evolution was" double life" in other words, pithecon thropuus (prdehistoric man, palaeolithic (old stone) Age-5000to 500,000, B,C and we called"An thropoid ape"is not be monotroppy, betown them's life appearingmany pedigrees and phylogenys, inside, some annihilate or obliterate traces. From vertebrate palaeontology and p alaeoau thio pology, palaeontology, palceohotany, paleozoology will prove above hypothesiis (theory),The low-marcomolecuar synthesis must be double or more many-prroses-evolution, each other changed and mixded, because only model is not succecd. Form orign of life analogy, life phenomenon, biome-chanics was very cmplicated. please see reaction-formulae and test-formulae, e.g Amiuo acid-ATp-enzyme-emzyme-anino-mide AMP+NP there double life radical wheres is life, lo is double, Xw is evolution (w is caotant)uis universe, Koj is period of transformation, we ohtain. wher (R) is foirst and after evolution,, the R is mid-body's valume. The life cvolution is no be lineor, included some changed live Here R is important, it is evolution's Keys, Centain, We to do thing is uneassy today, Because many spicial conditions. As has been mentioned above, as so many calcalates as complicated and over loaded, gain by contrast, is moldable, to go into details, but correct to stability range and fixation solation is very difficult. please see Encluuse:"he circle Lemma." It was sxife, part:des, universe etc for to reseasch bych by us. The fundamental paticles theory, origin of ife and Universe Structure, that is super structure, super critical ultha-pure state, amicron, etc, E,g,cosmological model Newton cosmoloyical mode, Einstein Static mode, and Laplce P,S,Kepler, j, Rassell, H, W, etls and their theoys or thesiss (Theory of canopy heavens, helilceutric theory, etc). 1.i was explored and excavated discovery " circle-ring " scientific research-investigated and so on. This is universe's structure, solar systems evolution and orgin of developmen of change in treml for conditions at primary about and so on in the paper, We discution other character of oubmerge character with side over side hypornotoor phosid and captane's characted which is structure of as within replace conjagate order disorder and characted of spacisl in to evolations macronorecular stueure, Explored and excaved find important laws. Theorens, Axioms landscdps crystal group, Foemulas, tests, phenomenons, hy-potlesis, etc, eg, jupter controdistance, circle THEORYS(extension matreilisy). hree laws gravitation (Newton classic mechanics) circlering ont only was saturn light rings and also stellite was physical chemistry, cosmology, biology (biomchanics) etc. all being circle-ring motion laws and other theorys, Amicron, "B"Test, ulrta-cosmis space-hypersphese, hypersursace, parity conconsevation or nonconesevetion or nonconservation of parity and so on. (1) chaos in astrophrsics (NATO Aduanoed Research Workshop on chaos in astuophysios). palm coast FL BUCKLER FK, NERDUNG, Jiy spiegel, E, A, NLD, D, Reide,PAISLISING, 1985,326P. (2) seni microsopic Intresretation of poson fern symmeries, 1985 134-14. (3) Maltipartide production in yy collisiolsi, 15 thint symp, on multipartide, dymamics 1984/6/10-14.Luan, 1986, 490-502. (4) Cosmic Ray Ahundances, Elemental and isotopic. 1986, 1-14-23. (5) chemical evolution is cpace (oonparative planetology), 1984,2,4-211. (6)FRIEDMAN, High energy astronomy, Aeron, 11 1999[47,30-35] (7)MANTU, AN SOOP. Pluctuation energies is sf model and phenome-hon of shrinkage,Progr Theoret phy 49(47 :15-17) (8)Reichardt, HM, et al. New insighes into glucocorticoid and mineralo-cortiicid signaling; Adv pharmacol, 2000, 47:1-15.17 (9)Hartoghp, Solar system research with microwaves Eur space Agency CFRAJ (sp- 423)1998 23-31 (10)NIESEN.E. Mars kiometer system, Eur space Agency 1998 215-218,219 (11)NISHIDA. SNAKAZAWA,K,Grain Formation in the expanding envelopes of tiauri stars Phy.49[43 1152-1157.1163] my other works, ibid,q.v.(add parts by separate mail, revised paper, after toady, N.B)

A reporter asked     ********** Professor Fang Ruida talk about science and technology, the moon emigrated, landing Mars and human society, many hot issues(Kers.J      Geneva)
A reporter asked      ********** Professor Fang Ruida talk about science and technology, the moon emigrated, landing Mars and human society, many hot issues(kers.J      lous      Roma,Geneva  2016)

Professor Fang Ruida should be the media about the answer to the network press and other media reporters, including telephone interviews and written interviews. -- The following is an interview with some of the contents of the record, highlights summary. The development of the world is not subject to any person's subjective will for the transfer. The pattern of the world is like a variety of chess games in chess, open, semi-open, semi-closed, closed, varied. Competition is certainly a good thing, there is no history of competition without progress, but no compromise and compatibility, there is no share and share. ● the world since the human race is not smooth sailing, calm, sometimes stormy, and sometimes flowers and birds. Of course, peaceful development has always been the main axis of the history of human society, the human society will lead to demise collapse.

● human wisdom and nature weakness, both to create the great glory of mankind, at the same time, the greatest human natural enemies is the human nature of the lack of rational extreme selfishness and extreme desires. Personal rights and interests should be respected and protected, right and proper. The two are essentially different. Therefore, the history of mankind is very long, the human nature of the change and transformation of thousands of years or even hundreds of thousands of years of millions of years of natural society of the historical process, do not understand this, will fall into ignorance and chaos The abyss and unable to extricate themselves. Human nature and social attributes are indivisible and require millions of years of natural evolution. Idealized romantic society and heaven can become possible. Natural revolution, genome revolution, cosmic revolution, moon revolution, Mars revolution, social reform and change, revolution, science and technology revolution. Time span is large, short-sighted or myopia are naive syndrome or fanatic syndrome. ● human life regardless of glory, regardless of bland, are very valuable short. In the face of the natural universe, no one is insignificant, very small. For decades, hundreds of years, centuries later, human society will enter a new heyday of prosperity, and the planet society will show on the moon, Mars or other planets that can emigrate. Not just a few astronauts several explorers, but tens of thousands, or even hundreds of thousands of millions of people will be poured into space to survive. We are optimistic about it. ● Although human beings are high-level intelligent animals, but also belong to economic animals and the like. Biologists and anthropologists have included primate mammals in humans. Therefore, the interpretation of the world to explain the history of mankind, first from the field of natural science to start, and then to enter the philosophy and social sciences, including religious and cultural national consciousness, etc., otherwise, will be cart before the horse, the trade-off, loopholes. Without the strongness of the natural sciences, the consciousness of mankind will remain in the ancient or medieval times. The evolution of the natural universe is exactly the same as the intricate development of human history. But the former is the cornerstone, which is at best the product of the great natural universe or the special species. Therefore, the beginning and end of the universe is important. The evolution of the universe, regardless of the development of the universe, must be complex and natural and inevitable historical procedures only. Universe - matter - species - particles - life. The The The The The The All include them. There is no material universe is not there, the same reason, no material of the universe also will not exist. Such as the planet exploded, black holes, dark matter, interstellar elements, gravity swallowed. The The The The These are endless in the infinite number of the universe, do not have to make a fuss, the universe is taking place every moment. In the tens of billions of light years outside the total galaxy, commonplace. ● natural scientists, the number of physical and chemical fields, agricultural science and medicine, mathematics, physics is very important. Mathematics, physics, chemistry, foundation Partial differential, functional analysis, real variable function, number theory and so on for human brain cells to stimulate the vitality is very important. Philosophical social scientists may also have to learn the number of physical and chemical, otherwise, difficult to achieve. • Competition and synergy are always present in the world. As long as the comprehensive guidance, who can guide the world, lead the world, or to promote the earth leveraging the earth. Guide the world, but is the leader Bale. In the real world of mankind, there is no lead in the country must also panic disorder, eventually leading to the world disorder, human collapse. Because the whole human still remain in the stage of higher intelligence biology animal, in order to completely out of the animal world, quite difficult. The modern human civilization and the means of survival are not enough to completely overturn the laws of nature. ● natural science research and discovery, science and technology practice, quick success, suffering, is not desirable. Scientific truth needs a perfect evidence of chain test validation. The strong destruction of the natural sciences is something that is hard to stop. The world is of course beautiful, but not perfect. Life needs happiness, but it can not be perfect. In fact, bearish the world, you will achieve a superb situation. So, in your mind, only the natural world is the most pure and most the most precious and most lovely. Pure and flawless. ● Whether the East, regardless of the West, regardless of the southern hemisphere, regardless of the northern hemisphere, in the field of scientists, including the moon, Venus, Mercury, Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, the sun and the Galaxy, the total galaxy and so on. Earth is just one of countless stars. Locking Mars and the moon is naturally preferred. The moon is the neighborhood of the earth, the moon - the ground, the land - month watch, do not have fun. High-speed heavy-duty rocket is the first of the universe. Chemical energy - thermal energy - energy - nuclear energy - solar energy, such as direct or indirect conversion, is very important, is the new rocket thrust engine development success or failure of the key. The universe is so broad that it can be said that everyone can get a planet, a few lunar, a few suns. Therefore, the national competition, national competition, need not worry. Cosmic planet countless, about a few thousand dollars, but the earth is billions of people, billions of dollars. The planet of the solar system, the galaxy is not enough to share the planet? Is the mountains of the mountains on the plains of minerals is not enough human mining and sharing sharing it? Mars is far away, enough to allow humans to share and share. In addition, there are Jupiter satellites, Saturn, Mercury, Venus, etc., the sphere of influence and influence of tens of billions of light years chanting. ● human battle is normal, no fighting but not normal. Without competition, history will not move forward. Of course, mankind gradually out of the animal world, tasteless battle will gradually lose space and use value. Even to the moon, to Mars, the normal battle is not necessarily not. However, the rational structure will dominate. Just as today the Antarctic Arctic, polar living environment is poor, vicious struggle can only kill each other. How does the primitive human beings continue to survive, mainly because the fruits of labor are shared or shared. Blind fight, ape people have long been extinct, but also evolution derived from today? ● world economic development in the short term will not appear high-speed, slow growth, plain. In the long run, it will take at least a few decades of transitional period, brewing period, ups and down period, reserve period, probably in 2025-2035 increase, 2040 - 2050 - 2060 years later, it is possible to enter a relatively high increase, 3- About 4.5%, individual countries may reach more than 5-6%. Comprehensive world economic and political science and technology and other data analysis and research are credible. Modern science and technology in a relatively limited stage, capital flows, trade and investment are not very active, low growth will be the norm of the world economy. ● natural exotic flowers and a lot of grass, but everywhere is the mountains and plains wild wild weeds or unknown weeds thorns, vines. Nature is so, human society even more to say. Elite is a minority, the pillars of mankind, but after all, is a minority, middle or middle for most of the bottom there is a considerable proportion. Regardless of poor countries rich, weak countries, are basically the case. Therefore, the vision to expand, open-minded, to view the six-way, ears. For example, China, hundreds of millions of peasants or migrant workers, semi-illiterate or near illiterate, and Taiwan, Hong Kong is very different, and Russia, Japan, the United States and Europe are not the same, thousands of years of feudal despotism and hundreds of years of semi-feudal half Colonial, deep-rooted. India and China are also very different, India is also a colonial, Buddhist country, take the road nowhere. India after independence, pick up a lot, so that the world with admiration. All roads lead to Rome, with the development of the times will gradually develop the change, there is no need to worry and fear. For example, the Qing Dynasty men comb long braid woman wrapped feet, feel very beautiful and very confident, after the Revolution, gradually abandoned, men cut hair suitcase, the woman also wrapped the cloth into the garbage heap gradually. This is the historical progress, the times change. So, history is never a straight line, but the curve, winding path, why not see it? Remove the feudal dross, learn the essence of democracy, why not? ● There are many people, including people at home and abroad, there are the East and the West, but also the southern hemisphere of the southern hemisphere, and I chat, always talked about nuclear war or planetary big bang, the end of the world, or the future of the world, very bleak. The worries of these people are not unreasonable. The painful experience of several world wars is at a glance and we can not forget. Large nuclear war can not, if it happens, can only be reimbursement of the earth, all destroyed, only nuclear radiation nuclear pollution is enough to make all mankind attributed to destruction. Moreover, no nuclear powers have no winners, to see God together. Of course, the equivalent of small local nuclear war there may be, but not the global nuclear war. Talking about the future of the world, it can be said to be mixed, can not be absolute. However, the good things will always account for the high ground, dirt and dregs will not dominate. Why do you understand this? After all, there are far different from the general animal cell genes and rational wisdom, so I am very optimistic, not pessimistic. Imagine that if the wisdom of mankind completely lost the basic rational wisdom, that the world has long been a big bang, and has long been completely into the ashes. Why is it up to today? It is extremely profound truth, need you and I savor the true meaning of this sentence. The United Nations and many countries in the world generally require denuclearization, very correct, to prevent nuclear proliferation and so on, for the benefit of all mankind. The United Nations Charter and the maintenance of world peace, the Council's primary task is to safeguard world peace, develop the economy, safeguard human rights, the United Nations three goals and rational pillars, can not be shaken. If you shake, the world will fall into the disaster. ● I really like the mathematical deduction, of course, like to read some of the world famous, including religious classics. Leisure, but also love to visit the walk, or playing the piano, and occasionally have to swim climbing chess. Life should be colorful, not too monotonous. As much as possible to enrich themselves, never stop. Life is learning, life itself is a fight. To learn a few languages, including Arabic Arabic, Oriental language, large language and small language, because the language structure and thinking, projected a variety of human rational thinking and gene transmission. Do not blame too little time, because you do not have the ability to master time and high-end skills. Life is not the end, as long as your mind is still beating. The world is dull, nature is safe, life and family is happy, do not need too much hope and greed. ● young people to be good at learning, growing wisdom experience, the same, the elderly have to constantly charge, and more young people contact, so that it will not produce generation gap, their forever young, vibrant, not behind the times. If you hold the granite head to see God, it is a tragic life. There is no superman super god in the world, there is no three-pronged super talent, the world only forever hard work in the vast fields of the farmer only. The world can not be without authority, otherwise, the world will be rudderless; but the world is not super-power of God, super-God only in the Dragon King Temple and Temple will appear, in fact, myths and legends. Science can not worship superstition, science can only believe in facts and human society real things. Ancient Greek mythology Zeus, Oriental Buddhist myth Jade Emperor, very famous, but who really seen it? Religious beliefs and ancient mythology is normal, human history, natural and inevitable product, can understand it Well. But this is quite different from the scientific test. When mankind is truly into the moon, the depths of Mars and the universe, you are in fact become Zeus, Jade Emperor, Vulcan, God and Buddha. Therefore, science and technology and human powerful production activities and all creation is extremely important, and God can be beautiful. If this is not the world, why the powerful powers of the world why the powerful development of the rocket spacecraft, desperately to the moon Jupiter Jupiter development exploration landing, desperately vigorously develop the atomic bomb missile aircraft, is it strange? Visible, mythology to mythology, science to science, the two can coexist, but the two are very different. Human beings can be religious beliefs, but more important is the strong science and technology, strong social productive forces, strong social creativity, is the fundamental development of human society.

● study of astrophysics, geophysics, cosmic physics, cosmic chemistry, also study the tectonic and earthquakes, naturally very fond of the earth. What if Earth, Moon, Mars, where do you expect to emigrate? The earth is beautiful, but the noise is too much; Mars, it is very ideal, but relatively far away or temporarily out of reach, so the best choice, I personally think that the earth or my personal choice, standing on the moon can look at the Earth, Distant relatives are not as close neighbors. Of course, Mars is a later option. Jupiter satellite, galaxy. The The The The The Can you sort it? Of course, human life is extremely limited, I am afraid it is difficult to achieve. ● There have been many heroes in human history, of course, the poems of human history. Worthy of people to praise or commemorate. However, from the pure natural philosophy and natural science, regardless of the great man Ye Hao, mortal people worth mentioning, are essentially the same, but the whole of the natural universe in the history of the tiny tiny particles, any person at best is to complete him In this natural and inevitable historical process and historical procedures only, and no special mark or imprint. This is the natural nature of nature. Reporter: First of all, thanks to professors for an interview.

■ Professor: Thank you very much for your interview with your colleagues. As a result of busy work, telephone interviews can be short, written interviews can also be, for example, e-mail, video dialogue, video chat, global network dialogue and so on. Now is the Internet age, the information age, the past to accept the news media interview is more complex, you can face to face, you can back to face, written interviews, telephone interviews, etc., do not have to record shorthand or recording pen, in various forms, eclectic. The development of the times, science and technology by leaps and bounds, people in the past do not dare to think about things, can now do. For example, the use of atomic energy, spacecraft flew to the moon, flew to Mars, hundreds of millions of kilometers of instant messaging, electronic computer victory over the human brain. The The The The The Can the ancients think? Can the medieval people think about it? Can people think of the past? The The The The The The The This is the progress of history, human progress. These are the objective reality that is not transferred by anybody's subjective will. ■ Reporter: In your opinion, the world's technological development will further lead the world. However, many experts and scholars also expressed concern. For example peopleThe intelligence will eventually destroy mankind and the world. Please talk about your personal views? ■ Professor: The development of science and technology will gradually change the world, including the change of human beings. There is such a danger, but can be avoided. In my opinion, the most dangerous enemy of mankind is not the atomic bomb, but the natural enemies of mankind itself ignorant, ignorant, wild, and tasteless extreme extreme desire and selfishness. Human rights, personal interests should be respected and protected, right and proper. However, the lack of rational extreme desires extreme self-interest, will bring disaster and destruction to the world and mankind. The nature of the two is very different. It is quite different. Human nature and social attributes, worthy of attention. ■ Reporter: According to your philosophical thinking, then you think the most dangerous enemy of mankind is where? ■ Professor: of course, the natural universe, according to the Greek mythology, god Zeus. (Laughs) Oriental mythology, Jade Emperor, Guanyin Bodhisattva (laughs). I only make a metaphor, quote the Greek mythology of the characters, Journey to the West in the characters, do not have to seriously. Scientists have had an elaborate description or warning. For example, the more popular earth destruction, the universe collapsed, the planet exploded, the black hole. The The The The The The and many more. Any development of the natural universe is not to change the will of people, the Earth exploded, the destruction of the planet, dark matter, black hole swallowed the planet, these are natural phenomena. Not surprising. In fact, hundreds of billions of years since the natural - universe every day such a thing happened, a planet exploded, a planet was swallowed, a planet was born again. The The The The The The The Not surprising. If there is no such, it is very strange. This is not simply a matter of natural philosophy, but a purely natural science field of research. Another example is the earthquake, tsunami and so on. Human is hard to resist. Reporter: Thank you, Professor of the answer and reminders. I am not a scientific editor of science journalists, but are also interested in cosmic science. So, can you ask: in accordance with your research and opinion, can you clarify your views? Of course, as popular as possible, so that more people understand and interpret. ■ Professor: The mystery of the universe is not so simple, the deciphering of the universe password may take tens of thousands of years, but can not be exhausted. From a macro perspective, human beings are only childhood, still relatively naive, to be fully mature at least thousands of years or tens of thousands of years to follow up. (Reporter intervene: millions of years? Millions of years of human beings may have to the Galaxy, may have been extinct, there is such a long time to humans?) These are not absolute conclusion. Any scientific discovery of scientific research is not always an absolute truth, absolutely definite, if the human can only survive and continue for hundreds of thousands of years thousands of years, after the universe collapsed, the earth is destroyed, nor is the absolute theorem. If we keep our point of view, our argument becomes meaningless. Since the years after the destruction of mankind, the planet destroyed, so that the debate what is the significance of it? Without the existence of a wise man, the natural universe is meaningless. We can not and animals, apes, etc. to explain these things. And can not and monkey monkey, tiger elephant to debate, meaningless. Of course, not to say that the universe is eternal, the universe is a natural perpetual motion machine, it is also false. Reporter: the existence of the universe and human survival is synchronized? ■ Professor: Of course not synchronized, the emergence of human beings only in the universe after. If humans can create the universe, then, people's life at least survive thousands of years tens of thousands of years. People really become gods. In fact, mankind is only a wise life, a high-level special species, said more thorough, high-level intelligent animals, primate mammals. When I was young, I had studied animal studies, biological studies, anthropological studies, and medical dissection. Cell research, genetics and variation, gene research, interest in Darwin's theory of evolution. As for the development of mankind and the outcome of the universe interact or link, still need to explore the study. However, it is certain that humans can develop as much as possible, beyond the limits of certain particular areas to accommodate the changes in the history of the natural universe. Reporter: Now the world are vigorously developing the cause of space, such as space stations, lunar landing, landing Mars, detection, etc. can move to the future planet, what is the meaning and value? If the universe is bound to destroy, even to the Mars to the Milky Way, human beings can escape escape, between the two, how should balance or control? What is the fundamental significance and value of the current landing of Mars? ■ Professor: not a balance to grasp the problem, but the natural and inevitable choice of mankind. Man can not control the universe, the sun you can control it? The Jupiter, Venus, Mercury, Saturn Can you control it? The Galaxy can you control it? The Can you control the galaxy? Human beings in the universe of large-scale vision, but tens of billions of light years or hundreds of billions of light years, how these are, and not very clear images and clear answers. Of course, many theoretical models, cosmic panoramas, schematics, four-dimensional maps, sixteen dimensional maps, etc., but lacks empirical and complete validation. Scientific research only experimental evidence, a complete chain of evidence can really be established. Of course, you can guess hypothesis, reasoning deduction, simulation experiments and so on. Compared with the universe and of course, it is too small. But mankind as truly as possible to understand the universe, to adapt to the universe. As for the outcome of the universe is not very terrible, of course, not optimistic. In fact, regardless of the natural universe and human beings, are carried out in a reversible or irreversible natural order of all natural historical processes, natural and inevitable cosmos. The universe, which simply imagines the demise of the universe, the destruction of the planet, the collapse of the earth, and everything that is zero, can not exist in fact. As mentioned earlier, substances and species are closely related, but after all, can not be equal. Particles, quarks, gods, interstellar matter, interstellar macromolecules, black holes, super black holes, dark matter, dark energy. The The The The The The The ever-changing, or the transformation, or the natural and the inevitable way. The whole universe and matter always exist, regardless of the beginning or the end, the ground state equation is constant change, the initial state equation and the final state equation will be in the convergence conversion, and the cycle, progressive, reversible or irreversible. Of course, this is the macro-state of the universe, large-scale structural changes, microstructure, planetary changes, planet explosion, planet destruction, should be a natural norm. Species, life, extreme life, wisdom, life can disappear, material will not die exhausted. That the universe before the birth or destruction of the universe after all empty, all zero, worthy of study and scrutiny. Theoretical research is valuable, but still requires some testing. Of course, it is not to say that the universe and the material are immutable and become perpetual motion machines, but that the changes in the universe and matter are complex and not simple or dead. These will be with the development of the times and the strong research of scientists have further discovery and puzzle. Natural world history gives too little chance of giving mankind, in other words, God's blessing to mankind is not the same day, human beings need to cherish, otherwise, will suffer the disaster, self-destruction. Reporter: Opportunity and crisis with, landing Mars and the moon, is also an opportunity to do. I have read some of your online philosophical masterpiece, such as the new natural rational structuralism and the new social rational structuralism, ■ Professor: I have said before, the new natural rational structuralism and the new social rational structuralism, regardless of the natural universe, and regardless of human society, need new thinking, need a rational structure, otherwise, humans will completely degenerate into pure economic animals Can not extricate themselves, and ultimately to destruction. For example, nuclear war, endless fighting, lack of natural resources. The The The The The The and many more. Real world, human development, world development, increased competition, major changes in the world pattern, in particular the need for thinking innovation. What do you think of the changes in the world pattern and the world order? ■ teach the human world and the natural world changes should be the same, do not have to make a fuss. Natural universe has always been constantly evolving, human society, the human world will not be out there. This is like the Pacific Indian Ocean Atlantic, rough, shaking, surging. Nature so, human society can calm it? So, do not panic, the world is so complicated and changeable, otherwise, is naive and ignorant. As for the future trend of the world, can not be said that the world worry-free, can not be said to be too pessimistic. The trend of development is still the mainstream. Even after the war, after the war, peaceful development remains the same. No matter who became the leader, the world development trend who can not change. In fact, competition will promote greater development of mankind and greater advancement of history. Of course, there will be worries, such as war, the environment, poverty, humanitarian disasters and so on. It is not surprising that historical development and advancement tend to produce some by-products. Since the birth of mankind, the history of the forward or backward are like this, of course, today's human beings should be more sophisticated than their predecessors, more intelligent, this is the history of compliance with natural rules. In the 100 - 200 years, the world crowded, including the United States, China, Russia, India, Europe, Japan, Brazil, Arabia, Germany, whether the Big Three or the Big Five, the competition is a good thing, not terrible. No matter who is the leader, I think the world's trend, who can not change. Regardless of the West, regardless of the East, regardless of the southern hemisphere, regardless of the northern hemisphere. Conform to the historical development, conform to the historical trend, is the fundamental. Competition requires compromise, but also need to share, rather than simply repeat the past history. Retrogression can only self-destruction. Who will lead the world? United States? China? Russia? Europe? India, or Arab Or a dark horse? ■ teach this crown who can wear it, (laughs), eclectic talent, who have the ability and strength who can Well Well Who can lead the world, the United States, China, Russia, India, Europe, Brazil or Arabia can be, the key lies in your guidance, comprehensive ability, comprehensive national strength, comprehensive influence. You can not simply rely on individual things to guide the world, such as simple money, simple nuclear weapons, simple civilization, simple culture, simple religion and faith, and so on. The world leader, the world leader, must have the software and hardware, is all-round, otherwise, others do not recognize, do not buy it, others do not agree, others do not converge, others do not benefit, with you after a few steps will not And then go away. Although the money is very important, man is also an economic animal Mody However, the guidance force includes many, including composite compatibility, who wants to guide the world, who must both have this comprehensive guidance. Otherwise, it is difficult to be competent. Of course, the leader is not necessarily only one, maybe a few, you can go straight into what. Of course, the big and the other, since ancient times. The human world and the natural world are absolutely pure, it is a very foolish thing. From ancient times to the present, the world is not absolutely pure body. The world has always been a contradictory body, ancient Rome, ancient India, ancient Egypt, ancient Greece, ancient China, Babylon, the relative overlord is yes, absolutely no way to the whole world, geopolitical limit, beyond its reach. World religion swept the world, but there are regional restrictions, religious forces are also divided into several plates, there is no absolute dominate the world. The ancient empire is also true. Therefore, the absolute is not credible is not desirable. Today the world is very different from history, but it is absolutely quite difficult. Germany Hitler World War II tried to build a third empire, and ultimately failed. During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union, there is no absolute winner. After the Cold War, the United States did not really reach the point of domination of a country, but also the need for NATO support in Europe, otherwise, it is difficult to take place. The Soviet Union disintegrated, Russia still exists, China Qian Zi dark, this is the historical fact Mody. So, the United States really become super hegemony, it is difficult to exist. There is one, there must be two, no left, there is no right, no before, there is no after. No days, there is no land. The United States is strong, there must be China, Russia and other containment, if China is strong, there must be the United States or other countries to contain, Russia is strong, and must have the United States, Europe, and other countries containment. The world has abrupt, there is balance and constraints. Only in this way can we build the whole human world and human society. I hope you have time to look through the world history, will be a great lesson. This is the history of common sense, philosophy and sociology of A, BC, even three-year-old children understand the simple truth. This is a very exquisite world of game art. The natural law of world game. Who violates these laws and jurisprudence, who will be swept into the history of the garbage heap. The history of mankind and the history of the world are so, unless you have created the power of the universe, otherwise, will be counterproductive. The world of competition or battle, we have been commonplace, very normal very natural, while waves rolling, heaven and earth, for a while, the sunny, calm, competition Ye Hao, compromise Ye Hao, share worth mentioning, the world is so, do not have to Shocked, fearless. Even if there is countercurrent, it will not stop the history of progress. It is not surprising that the world is big and changing. States are also very normal fight, after all, how the world trend, we own theory. Reporters also mentioned that the future direction of the development of the world, for example, culture, religion, economy, politics and so on. ■ Professor has been told in front of the general trend. For example, democracy, freedom, equality, few people openly deny these. Including the West and the East. Democracy, freedom, equality, the need for continuous development with the times, and gradually evolve. Need to constantly improve and change. Mankind to really complete this process, still need a long history of time. Including the genetic revolution, the cosmic revolution, social development and change, the economic revolution, the ideological revolution, the need for hundreds of millions of human cognition and practice, rather than overnight things. History is always further step back, step three steps, or further step back, gradually difficult to advance. For example, the evolution of democracy, clan system, hereditary system, meditation system, constitutional monarchy, presidential system, representative system, electoral system. The The The The The Continue to evolve what? Over a few hundred years, thousands of years, human society is bound to cross this stage. Hundreds of years after thousands of years, human beings in the earth, the moon, in the Martian and other stars to survive, these will change breakthrough. Any extreme and extreme are lack of reason, the need for human awareness and vigilance. It is unrealistic that world economic growth is too high at this stage. Regardless of Europe and the United States, and China, Russia, Asia, Africa, Latin America, high growth will not appear. After a few years, the situation will not be reversed. The slow growth of the world economy is normal, do not expect too much. About a few decades later, the world economy to enter a new round of ups and downs, need a variety of conditions with. More than 2-3%, it is possible that the world average between 2.5-3.3% turbulence, individual countries slightly higher, but it will not rise and fall. United Nations poverty alleviation, peaceful development, human rights progress and improvement will progressively and steadily. Reporters asked about the issue of Mars, the moon and space. As far as I know, there are many articles on high-speed heavy-duty rocket research. Put aside the deep professional and technical aspects of the problem, just want to ask about ordinary knowledge or insights, can you? ■ Professor of course, and can. I am happy to communicate with you and share someone else, whether I am an insider or an outsider. Of course, the lengthy argument is impossible, time is limited, then, I can not read the essay, can only talk casually. The world's rocket research, Russia, the United States, including Germany, India, China, Japan, Germany, France, Brazil, the United Arab Emirates and other countries have excellent research and progress, the United States and the former Soviet Union have had similarDevelopment test, success. Such as Zilkovsky, the father of modern rockets, Braun, the United States on the moon scientists. There are many scientists who have contributed a lot. Here I am not introduced, the modern aerospace science developed prosperous, human landing the moon, landing Mars is bound to get. Rocket technology is the first choice of aerospace engineering, and then is radiation, space disease treatment, scientists around the world have done a lot of research and testing, it is worth celebrating. Human has been successful on the moon, the US rocket technology quite successful, is preparing to land on Mars. Russia, China, Europe, India, Japan, the United Arab Emirates and other countries are eager, extraordinary skill. In addition to a large number of capital investment, and then is the reserve of science and technology, sophisticated technology research and development, especially high-speed heavy-duty rockets, including non-chemical fuel development of the traditional rocket is very important for the cutting-edge. Aerospace technology, high input high risk, low return on short, landing Mars costs a lot, including the full cost of hundreds of billions of dollars above. Is landing on the moon, also need considerable cost. Traditional chemical rocket technology is more mature, dominated, national spacecraft and military missiles using rockets are basically all chemical fuels, including space stations, satellites and so on. Landing has been successful, landing Mars is more difficult, rocket technology, radiation technology and other breakthroughs. Non-chemical rockets need to rely on nuclear energy, solar energy or other energy to promote, in the existing conditions, as far as possible using the optimal combination for the best choice. Chemical energy and other joint, increase the thrust, high-speed heavy load, side for the best policy. Must be safe and mature technology can be carried out. Non-traditional chemical rocket technology research and breakthrough in order to make progress, regardless of success and failure, must be repeated research. Reporter Do you think that human landing on Mars or transformation of Mars is possible to achieve it ...? ■ Professor of course possible, but the time span needs to be larger. Landing on Mars if the technology is in place, it may take decades or longer. As for the transformation of Mars, it is relatively far away, probably need a hundred years or thousands of years. Costly, technical difficulties too much, requires a long history of the process. In addition, humans have not really landed on Mars, many difficult problems to be discovered and resolved. On the contrary, at this stage, landing the moon, the use and migration of the moon the possibility and value of some higher. The peaceful use of outer space, the United Nations international conventions, the prohibition of militarization of space and the need to comply. The moon is the Earth's neighbors, only 380,000 km, a few days to reach, and lunar landing technology has matured, as to whether there is water on the moon, more than controversy. Human landing the moon using the moon immigration moon investment, technology, conditions have been initially available, landing transformation of Mars is also very difficult, even far away. In a sense, the practical value of landing the moon to more than landing on Mars. High-speed heavy-duty rocket to and from the Earth - the moon, probably only a few tens of hours, months to fly tens of thousands of dollars can be hundreds of thousands of large rocket spacecraft can do. I think, after a few decades, or simply say a few hundred years later, the moon will appear on the moon village, immigration village, lunar street, lunar factory, not dozens of individuals, but thousands of tens of thousands, or even more. Step back, even if the lack of water on the moon, high-speed heavy rocket cargo water is also easier to do, that is, dozens of hours Mody Of course, Mars is better than the natural conditions of the moon, but there are many uncertainties, can not be underestimated. Now it can be said that landing the moon to use and move the moon more sensible and affordable. The moon is a huge cornucopia, many natural resources, from the Earth close, less investment, technology mature in place, the use of valuable value. At this stage the moon is very impressive. Mars is the last thing. Of course, immigration to Mars into Mars is also a very difficult task. Reporters as astronomers, cosmologists, how do you think of the universe of the planet world? ■ Professor can not say that home, can only be said to be preliminary. Planet world survival mode and management mode of course and the earth is very different, can not copy the earth mode, the US astronauts landing several times, they have a good feeling and understanding. International space station astronauts also have a deep feeling. The difference and difference between the astronaut and the earth. Reporters in your lifetime, can see these? ■ Professor I think, as far as possible to see, but may not be implemented. The natural universe is infinite vitality, human life is very short, very small. However, in theory, from the research explorer said, I have completed the personal long-cherished wish. I have been to many parts of the world, including the Okawa iceberg, deep sea shoal, desert wilderness, natural study, geology and geology, and so on, including on the moon, lunar chemistry, moonlight and so on, as well as the Martian geology, Extensive research, including the rocket spacecraft research and manufacturing, etc., in a sense, has been to the moon and Mars and Jupiter or Galaxy. Of course, the real landing on Mars landing on the field to see more gains, but unfortunately, God did not give me this opportunity. (Laughs) But there is not much regret. So, I have repeatedly said that if there is a second life, first from the moon, followed by Mars. Because the study explores the universe, exploring life and matter, the moon and the Mars data are crucial. Reporter Finally, ask a question, you people in the world, especially the younger generation most want to say a word? ■ Professor I used to write a letter to the young people, the elite meeting, I would like to repeat a few words: the future of the future of mankind belongs to you. The moon belongs to you, Mars belongs to you, Jupiter satellite belongs to you. A galaxy belongs to you. Goodbye. Reporter is very grateful to Professor Fang's interview and answer. Professor I am also very grateful to your journalists for their work and warm welcome and convey my best wishes for you and your family. Reporter goodbye After a period of time. After the professor will have a period..

——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————Un journaliste a demandé ********** Professeur Fang Ruida parler de la science et la technologie, la lune a émigré, l'atterrissage Mars et la société humaine, de nombreux problèmes chauds

Professeur Fang Ruida devrait être les médias sur la réponse à la presse du réseau et d'autres journalistes des médias, y compris les entretiens téléphoniques et des interviews écrites. -- Ce qui suit est une interview avec certains des contenus de l'enregistrement, résumé des faits saillants. Le développement du monde n'est pas soumis à la volonté subjective de la personne pour le transfert. Le modèle du monde est comme une variété de jeux d'échecs dans les échecs, ouvert, semi-ouvert, semi-fermé, fermé, varié. La concurrence est certainement une bonne chose, il n'ya pas d'histoire de la concurrence sans progrès, mais aucun compromis et de compatibilité, il n'ya pas de part et de part. ● le monde depuis la race humaine n'est pas la voile lisse, calme, parfois orageux, et parfois les fleurs et les oiseaux. Bien sûr, le développement pacifique a toujours été le principal axe de l'histoire de la société humaine, la société humaine conduira à l'effondrement de la fin. ● la sagesse humaine et la faiblesse de la nature, à la fois pour créer la grande gloire de l'humanité, en même temps, les plus grands ennemis naturels humains est la nature humaine du manque d'égoïsme rationnel extrême et les désirs extrêmes. Les droits et intérêts personnels doivent être respectés et protégés, à juste titre. Les deux sont essentiellement différents. Par conséquent, l'histoire de l'humanité est très longue, la nature humaine du changement et la transformation de milliers d'années ou même des centaines de milliers d'années de millions d'années de la société naturelle du processus historique, ne comprennent pas cela, tomberont dans l'ignorance Et le chaos L'abîme et incapable de se dégager. La nature humaine et les attributs sociaux sont indivisibles et nécessitent des millions d'années d'évolution naturelle. La société romantique idéalisée et le ciel peuvent devenir possibles. Révolution naturelle, révolution du génome, révolution cosmique, révolution lunaire, révolution de Mars, réforme et changement social, révolution, révolution scientifique et technologique. Le temps est grand, à courte vue ou la myopie sont naïf syndrome ou syndrome fanatique. ● vie humaine indépendamment de la gloire, indépendamment de fade, sont très précieuses à court. Face à l'univers naturel, personne n'est insignifiant, très petit. Pendant des décennies, des centaines d'années, des siècles plus tard, la société humaine entrera dans un nouvel apogée de la prospérité, et la société planétaire montrera sur la lune, Mars ou d'autres planètes qui peuvent émigrer. Pas seulement quelques astronautes plusieurs explorateurs, mais des dizaines de milliers, voire des centaines de milliers de millions de personnes seront versées dans l'espace pour survivre. Nous sommes optimistes à ce sujet. ● Bien que les êtres humains soient des animaux intelligents de haut niveau, mais qu'ils appartiennent également à des animaux économiques et autres. Des biologistes et des anthropologues ont inclus des mammifères primates chez l'homme. Par conséquent, l'interprétation du monde pour expliquer l'histoire de l'humanité, d'abord dans le domaine des sciences naturelles pour commencer, puis d'entrer dans la philosophie et les sciences sociales, y compris la conscience religieuse et culturelle nationale, etc, sinon, Le cheval, le compromis, les échappatoires. Sans la force des sciences naturelles, la conscience de l'humanité restera dans les temps anciens ou médiévaux. L'évolution de l'univers naturel est exactement la même que le développement complexe de l'histoire humaine. Mais la première est la pierre angulaire, qui est au mieux le produit du grand univers naturel ou de l'espèce spéciale. Par conséquent, le début et la fin de l'univers est important. L'évolution de l'univers, quel que soit le développement de l'univers, doit être complexe et naturelle et inévitable procédures historiques seulement. Univers - matière - espèces - particules - vie. Le The The The The The All les inclut. Il n'y a pas d'univers matériel n'est pas là, la même raison, aucun matériau de l'univers n'existera pas non plus. Tels que la planète a explosé, les trous noirs, la matière noire, les éléments interstellaires, la gravité avalé. The The The The Ceux-ci sont infinies dans le nombre infini de l'univers, n'ont pas à faire de bruit, l'univers se déroule à chaque instant. Dans les dizaines de milliards d'années-lumière en dehors de la galaxie totale, banal. ● les scientifiques de la nature, le nombre de domaines physiques et chimiques, la science et la médecine agricoles, les mathématiques, la physique est très important. Mathématiques, physique, chimie, fondation Différentiel partiel, analyse fonctionnelle, la fonction réelle variable, la théorie des nombres et ainsi de suite pour les cellules du cerveau humain pour stimuler la vitalité est très important. Philosophiques des sciences sociales peuvent aussi avoir à apprendre le nombre de physique et chimique, sinon, difficile à atteindre. • La concurrence et la synergie sont toujours présentes dans le monde. Tant que l'orientation globale, qui peut guider le monde, conduire le monde, Ou de promouvoir la terre exploitant la terre. Guide le monde, mais est le leader Bale. Dans le monde réel de l'humanité, il n'ya pas de plomb dans le pays doit également panique trouble, menant éventuellement au désordre mondial, l'effondrement humain. Parce que l'être humain tout entier reste dans la phase de la biologie de l'intelligence supérieure animal, afin de complètement hors du monde animal, assez difficile. La civilisation humaine moderne et les moyens de survie ne suffisent pas à renverser complètement les lois de la nature. ● La recherche et la découverte en sciences naturelles, la science et la technologie, le succès rapide, la souffrance, ne sont pas souhaitables. La vérité scientifique a besoin d'une preuve parfaite de la validation des tests en chaîne. La forte destruction des sciences naturelles est quelque chose qui est difficile à arrêter. Le monde est bien sûr beau, mais pas parfait. La vie a besoin de bonheur, mais elle ne peut pas être parfaite. En fait, baissier le monde, vous obtiendrez une situation superbe. Donc, dans votre esprit, seul le monde naturel est le plus pur et le plus précieux et le plus beau. ● Si l'Est, quel que soit l'Occident, indépendamment de l'hémisphère sud, quel que soit l'hémisphère nord, dans le champ des scientifiques, y compris la lune, Vénus, Mercure, Saturne, Jupiter, Mars, le soleil et la Terre. Galaxy, la galaxie totale et ainsi de suite. La Terre n'est qu'une des innombrables étoiles. Le verrouillage de Mars et de la lune est naturellement préféré. La lune est le voisinage de la terre, la lune - la terre, la terre - montre mois, ne pas avoir fun.Robe à haute vitesse lourds est le premier de l'univers. L'énergie solaire, tels que la conversion directe ou indirecte, est très important, est le nouveau moteur de poussée de mise au point de développement du moteur ou l'échec de la clé.L'univers est tellement large que l'on peut dire que Tout le monde peut avoir une planète, quelques lunaires, quelques soleils. Par conséquent, la concurrence nationale, la concurrence nationale, ne doit pas s'inquiéter. Planète cosmique innombrable, environ quelques milliers de dollars, mais la terre est des milliards de personnes, des milliards de dollars. La planète du système solaire, la galaxie n'est pas assez pour partager la planète? Est-ce que les montagnes des montagnes sur les plaines de minéraux ne sont pas assez d'exploitation minière humaine et partageant le partage? Mars est loin, assez pour permettre aux humains de partager et de partager. De plus, il y a des satellites de Jupiter, Saturne, Mercure, Vénus, etc., la sphère d'influence et l'influence de dizaines de milliards d'années-lumière chantant. ● la bataille humaine est normale, pas de combat mais pas normale. Sans la concurrence, l'histoire ne progressera pas. Bien sûr, l'humanité progressivement hors du monde animal, bataille insipide perdra progressivement l'espace et la valeur d'utilisation. Même à la lune, à Mars, la bataille normale n'est pas nécessairement pas. Cependant, la structure rationnelle dominera. Tout comme aujourd'hui l'Arctique de l'Antarctique, le milieu de vie polaire est pauvre, la lutte vicieuse ne peut que se tuer. Comment les êtres humains primitifs continuent-ils à survivre, principalement parce que les fruits du travail sont partagés ou partagés. Lutte aveugle, les gens singes ont longtemps été éteintes, mais aussi l'évolution dérivée d'aujourd'hui? ● le développement économique mondial à court terme n'apparaîtra pas à grande vitesse, la croissance lente, simple. À long terme, il faudra au moins quelques décennies de période transitoire, période de brassage, période de hausse et de baisse, période de réserve, probablement en 2025-2035, 2040 - 2050 - 2060 ans plus tard, il est possible d'entrer dans une période relativement Forte augmentation, 3- Environ 4,5%, les pays individuels peuvent atteindre plus de 5-6%. Global science économique et politique et de la technologie et d'autres données d'analyse et de recherche sont crédibles. La science et la technologie modernes à un stade relativement limité, les flux de capitaux, le commerce et l'investissement ne sont pas très actifs, la faible croissance sera la norme de l'économie mondiale ● fleurs naturelles exotiques et beaucoup d'herbe, mais partout dans les montagnes et les plaines sauvages Des mauvaises herbes sauvages ou des mauvaises herbes inconnues des épines, des vignes. La nature est ainsi, la société humaine encore plus à dire. L'élite est une minorité, les piliers de l'humanité, mais après tout, est une minorité, milieu ou milieu pour la plupart du bas il ya une proportion considérable. Indépendamment des pays pauvres pays riches, faibles, sont fondamentalement le cas. Par conséquent, la vision d'élargir, ouvert d'esprit, de voir les six-voies, les oreilles. Par exemple, la Chine, des centaines de millions de paysans ou de travailleurs migrants, semi-analphabètes ou presque analphabètes, et Taiwan, Hong Kong est très différente, et la Russie, le Japon, les États-Unis et l'Europe ne sont pas les mêmes, des milliers d'années de féodal Le despotisme et des centaines d'années de demi-féodal moitié coloniale, profondément enracinée. L'Inde et la Chine sont également très différents, l'Inde est aussi un pays colonial, bouddhiste, prendre la route nulle part. L'Inde après l'indépendance, ramasser beaucoup, de sorte que le monde avec admiration. Tous les chemins conduisent à Rome, avec le développement des temps va progressivement développer le changement, il n'ya pas besoin de s'inquiéter et de craindre. Par exemple, les hommes de la dynastie Qing peigne longue femme tresse pieds enveloppés, se sentent très bea Utiful et très confiant, après la Révolution, progressivement abandonné, les hommes ont coupé la valise des cheveux, la femme a également enveloppé le chiffon dans le tas de déchets progressivement. C'est le progrès historique, les temps changent.Par conséquent, l'histoire n'est jamais une ligne droite, mais la courbe, sentier sinueux, pourquoi ne pas le voir? ● Il ya beaucoup de gens, y compris les gens à la maison et à l'étranger, il ya l'Est et l'Ouest, mais aussi l'hémisphère sud de l'hémisphère sud, et je discute, toujours A parlé de la guerre nucléaire ou planétaire big bang, la fin du monde, ou l'avenir du monde, très sombre. Les soucis de ces gens ne sont pas déraisonnables. L'expérience douloureuse de plusieurs guerres mondiales est un coup d'œil et nous ne pouvons pas l'oublier. Grande guerre nucléaire ne peut pas, si elle se produit, ne peut être que le remboursement de la terre, tous détruits, seul le nucléaire la pollution nucléaire nucléaire est suffisante pour rendre toute l'humanité attribuée à la destruction. En outre, aucune puissance nucléaire n'a pas de gagnants, pour voir Dieu ensemble. Bien sûr, l'équivalent d'une petite guerre nucléaire locale peut y avoir, mais pas la guerre nucléaire mondiale. Parler de l'avenir du monde, on peut dire qu'il est mélangé, ne peut être absolu. Cependant, les bonnes choses seront toujours compte pour le sol élevé, la saleté et la lie ne dominera pas. Pourquoi comprenez-vous cela? Après tout, il ya bien différent des gènes génétiques des cellules animales et de la sagesse rationnelle, donc je suis très optimiste, pas pessimiste. Imaginez que si la sagesse de l'humanité a complètement perdu la sagesse rationnelle de base, que le monde a longtemps été un big bang, et a longtemps été complètement dans les cendres. Pourquoi est-ce aujourd'hui? C'est une vérité extrêmement profonde, j'ai besoin de toi et je savoure le vrai sens de cette phrase. Les Nations Unies et de nombreux pays dans le monde exigent généralement la dénucléarisation, très juste, pour empêcher la prolifération nucléaire et ainsi de suite, pour le bénéfice de l'humanité tout entière. La Charte des Nations Unies et le maintien de la paix mondiale, la tâche principale du Conseil est de sauvegarder la paix mondiale, le développement de l'économie, la sauvegarde des droits de l'homme, les Nations Unies trois objectifs et des piliers rationnels, ne peut pas être ébranlé. Si vous tremblez, le monde tombera dans le désastre. ● J'aime vraiment la déduction mathématique, bien sûr, comme de lire certains des célèbres du monde, y compris les classiques religieux. Loisirs, mais aussi l'amour pour visiter la promenade, ou jouer du piano, et parfois avoir à nager échecs d'échecs. La vie devrait être colorée, pas trop monotone. Autant que possible pour s'enrichir, ne jamais s'arrêter. La vie est l'apprentissage, la vie elle-même est un combat. Pour apprendre quelques langues, y compris l'arabe arabe, la langue orientale, la langue de grande et de petite langue, parce que la structure du langage et de la pensée, a projeté une variété de la pensée rationnelle humaine et la transmission des gènes. Ne blâmez pas trop peu de temps, parce que vous n'avez pas la capacité de maîtriser le temps et les compétences haut de gamme. La vie n'est pas la fin, tant que votre esprit bat toujours. Le monde est terne, la nature est sûre, la vie et la famille est heureuse, n'ont pas besoin de trop d'espoir et la cupidité ● les jeunes à être bon à l'apprentissage, l'expérience de la sagesse croissante, les mêmes, les personnes âgées ont constamment charge et plus jeune Le contact des gens, de sorte qu'il ne produira pas l'écart de génération, leur toujours jeune, dynamique, pas derrière les temps. Si vous tenez la tête de granit pour voir Dieu, c'est une vie tragique. Il n'y a pas superman super-dieu dans le monde, il n'y a pas de trois talents super talentueux, le monde seulement dur labeur à jamais dans les vastes domaines de l'agriculteur seulement. Le monde ne peut pas être sans autorité, sinon, le monde sera sans barre; Mais le monde n'est pas la superpuissance de Dieu, super-Dieu seulement dans le Dragon King Temple et le Temple apparaîtra, en fait, les mythes et les légendes. La science ne peut pas adorer la superstition, la science ne peut croire que dans les faits et la société humaine des choses réelles. La mythologie grecque antique Zeus, le mythe bouddhiste oriental L'empereur de Jade, très célèbre, mais qui l'a vraiment vu? Les croyances religieuses et la mythologie antique est normal, l'histoire humaine, produit naturel et inévitable, peut le comprendre Bien. Mais ceci est tout à fait différent du test scientifique. Lorsque l'humanité est vraiment dans la lune, les profondeurs de Mars et l'univers, vous êtes en fait devenu Zeus, Jade empereur, Vulcan, Dieu et Bouddha. Par conséquent, la science et la technologie et les activités de production puissantes humaines et toute la création est extrêmement important, et Dieu peut être beau. Si ce n'est pas le monde, pourquoi les puissantes puissances du monde pourquoi le développement puissant du vaisseau spatial de la fusée, désespérément à la lune Jupiter Jupiter développement d'exploration atterrissage, développer désespérément vigoureusement l'avion missile atomique, est-il étrange? Visible, la mythologie à la mythologie, la science à la science, les deux peuvent coexister, mais les deux sont très différents. Les êtres humains peuvent être des croyances religieuses, mais plus important est la forte science et la technologie, forte forces sociales productives, forte créativité sociale, est le développement fondamental de la société humaine ● étude de l'astrophysique, de la géophysique, de la physique cosmique, de la chimie cosmique, étude aussi de la tectonique et des séismes, naturellement très friands de la terre. Et si la Terre, la Lune, Mars, où voulez-vous émigrer? La terre est belle, mais le bruit est trop fort; Mars, il est très idéal, mais relativement loin ou temporairement hors de portée, donc le meilleur choix, je pense personnellement que la terre ou mon choix personnel, debout sur la lune peut regarder la Terre, lointains parents ne sont pas aussi proches voisins. Bien sûr, Mars est une option plus tardive. Jupiter satellite, galaxie. The The The The The Vous pouvez le trier? Bien sûr, la vie humaine est extrêmement limitée, je crains qu'elle soit difficile à réaliser. ● Il ya eu beaucoup de héros dans l'histoire humaine, bien sûr, les poèmes de l'histoire humaine. Digne de personnes à louer ou à commémorer. Cependant, de la pure philosophie naturelle et de la science naturelle, indépendamment du grand homme Ye Hao, les personnes mortelles à mentionner, sont essentiellement les mêmes, mais l'ensemble de l'univers naturel dans l'histoire de minuscules minuscules particules, toute personne au mieux est Pour le compléter dans ce processus historique naturel et inévitable et procédures historiques seulement, et aucune marque spéciale ou d'empreinte. C'est la nature naturelle de la nature.Recteur: Tout d'abord, merci aux professeurs pour une entrevue ■ Professeur: Merci beaucoup pour votre entrevue avec vos collègues. À la suite d'un travail acharné, les entrevues téléphoniques peuvent être courtes, les entretiens écrits peuvent aussi être, par exemple, le courrier électronique, le dialogue vidéo, le chat vidéo, le dialogue sur le réseau mondial, etc. Maintenant est l'âge de l'Internet, l'âge de l'information, le passé à accepter l'entrevue des médias d'information est plus complexe, vous pouvez face à face, vous pouvez retour à face, des entretiens écrits, des entrevues téléphoniques, etc, n'ont pas à enregistrer sténographie ou Stylo d'enregistrement, sous diverses formes, éclectique. Le développement de l'époque, la science et la technologie par bonds, les gens dans le passé n'osent pas penser à des choses, peuvent maintenant le faire. Par exemple, l'utilisation de l'énergie atomique, des vaisseaux spatiaux a volé à la Lune, volé à Mars, des centaines de millions de kilomètres de messagerie instantanée, la victoire ordinateur électronique sur le cerveau humain. The The The The The Can Les anciens pensent-ils? Le peuple médiéval peut-il y penser? Peut-on penser au passé? Le Le Le Le Le Le Le C'est le progrès de l'histoire, le progrès humain. Telle est la réalité objective qui n'est pas transférée par la volonté subjective de quelqu'un. ■ Reporter: A votre avis, le développement technologique mondial va encore diriger le monde. Cependant, de nombreux experts et chercheurs ont également exprimé leur inquiétude. Par exemple les gens L'intelligence finira par détruire l'humanité et le monde. Parlez-nous de vos opinions personnelles? ■ Professeur: Le développement de la science et la technologie va progressivement changer le monde, y compris le changement de l'être humain. Il y a un tel danger, mais on peut l'éviter. À mon avis, l'ennemi le plus dangereux de l'humanité n'est pas la bombe atomique, mais les ennemis naturels de l'humanité elle-même ignorant, ignorant, sauvage, insipide extrême extrême désir et l'égoïsme. Les droits de l'homme, les intérêts personnels doivent être respectés et protégés, à juste titre. Cependant, l'absence de désir extrême rationnelle extrême intérêt personnel, apportera catastrophes et destructions pour le monde et l'humanité. La nature des deux est très différente. C'est très différent. Nature humaine et attributs sociaux, dignes d'attention. ■ Reporter: Selon votre philosophie, alors vous pensez que l'ennemi le plus dangereux de l'humanité est où? ■ Professeur: bien sûr, l'univers naturel, selon la mythologie grecque, le dieu Zeus. (Rires) Mythologie orientale, Empereur de Jade, Guanyin Bodhisattva (rires). Je fais seulement une métaphore, citer la mythologie grecque des personnages, Journey to the West dans les personnages, n'ont pas à sérieusement. Les scientifiques ont eu une description élaborée ou un avertissement. Par exemple, la destruction la plus populaire de la terre, l'univers s'est effondré, la planète a explosé, le trou noir. The The The The The The et beaucoup plus. Tout développement de l'univers naturel n'est pas de changer la volonté des gens, la Terre a explosé, la destruction de la planète, la matière noire, le trou noir avalé la planète, ce sont des phénomènes naturels. Pas étonnant. En fait, des centaines de milliards d'années depuis l'univers naturel - univers chaque jour une telle chose s'est produite, une planète a explosé, une planète a été avalée, une planète est née à nouveau. Le Le Le Le Le Le Le Pas surprenant. S'il n'y en a pas, c'est très étrange. Il ne s'agit pas simplement d'une question de philosophie naturelle, mais d'un domaine scientifique purement scientifique. Un autre exemple est le tremblement de terre, le tsunami et ainsi de suite. L'humain est difficile à résister. Reporter: Merci, Professeur de la réponse et des rappels. Je ne suis pas un rédacteur scientifique de journalistes scientifiques, mais je m'intéresse également à la science cosmique. Alors, pouvez-vous demander: en accord avec votre recherche et votre opinion, pouvez-vous clarifier votre point de vue? Bien sûr, aussi populaire que possible, de sorte que plus de gens Comprendre et interpréter. ■ Professeur: Le mystère de l'univers n'est pas si simple, le déchiffrement du mot de passe univers peut prendre des dizaines de milliers d'années, mais ne peut pas être épuisé. D'un point de vue macro, les êtres humains sont seulement l'enfance, encore relativement naïf, d'être pleinement matures au moins des milliers d'années ou des dizaines de milliers d'années pour le suivi. (Reporter intervient: des millions d'années? Des millions d'années d'êtres humains peuvent avoir à la galaxie, peut-être ont disparu, il ya tellement de temps pour les humains?) Ce ne sont pas une conclusion absolue. Toute découverte scientifique de la recherche scientifique n'est pas toujours une vérité absolue, absolument définitive, si l'homme ne peut survivre et continuer pendant des centaines de milliers d'années, des milliers d'années après l'effondrement de l'univers, la destruction de la terre et le théorème absolu. Si nous gardons notre point de vue, notre argument devient sans signification. Depuis les années après la destruction de l'humanité, la planète a détruit, de sorte que le débat quelle est la signification de celui-ci? Sans l'existence d'un homme sage, l'univers naturel n'a pas de sens. Nous ne pouvons pas et les animaux, les singes, etc pour expliquer ces choses. Et ne peut pas et singe singe, éléphant de tigre à débattre, sans signification. Bien sûr, pour ne pas dire que l'univers est éternel, l'univers est une machine de mouvement perpétuelle naturelle, il est également faux. Reporter: l'existence de l'univers et la survie humaine est synchronisée? ■ Professeur: Bien sûr, non synchronisé, l'émergence des êtres humains seulement dans l'univers après. Si les humains peuvent créer l'univers, alors, la vie des gens au moins survivre des milliers d'années des dizaines de milliers d'années. Les gens deviennent vraiment des dieux. En fait, l'humanité est seulement une vie sage, une espèce spéciale de haut niveau, a déclaré plus approfondie, des animaux intelligents de haut niveau, les mammifères primates. Quand j'étais jeune, j'avais étudié des études animales, des études biologiques, des études anthropologiques, et la dissection médicale. Recherche cellulaire, génétique et variation, recherche génétique, intérêt pour la théorie de l'évolution de Darwin. En ce qui concerne le développement de l'humanité et le résultat de l'interaction de l'univers ou le lien, ont encore besoin d'explorer l'étude. Cependant, il est certain que les humains peuvent se développer le plus possible, au-delà des limites de certaines zones particulières pour s'adapter aux changements dans l'histoire de l'univers naturel. Reporter: Maintenant, le monde sont vigoureusement développer la cause de l'espace, tels que les stations spatiales, l'atterrissage lunaire, l'atterrissage Mars, la détection, etc peuvent se déplacer vers la planète à venir, quelle est la signification et la valeur? Si l'univers est lié à détruire, même à la Mars à la Voie Lactée, les êtres humains peuvent échapper échapper, entre les deux, comment doit équilibrer ou de contrôle? Quelle est la signification et la valeur fondamentales de l'atterrissage actuel de Mars? ■ Professeur: pas un équilibre pour saisir le problème, mais le choix naturel et inévitable de l'humanité. L'homme ne peut pas contrôler l'univers, le soleil, vous pouvez le contrôler? Le Jupiter, Vénus, Mercure, Saturne Pouvez-vous le contrôler? Le Galaxy peut-il le contrôler? Pouvez-vous contrôler la galaxie? Les êtres humains dans l'univers de la vision à grande échelle, mais des dizaines de milliards d'années-lumière ou des centaines de milliards d'années-lumière, comment ils sont, et pas des images très claires et des réponses claires. Naturellement, de nombreux modèles théoriques, des panoramas cosmiques, des schémas, des cartes à quatre dimensions, des cartes à seize dimensions, etc., mais manque de validation empirique et complète. La recherche scientifique que des preuves expérimentales, une chaîne complète de preuves peuvent vraiment être établies. Bien sûr, vous pouvez deviner l'hypothèse, la déduction raisonnement, les expériences de simulation et ainsi de suite. Comparé à l'univers et bien sûr, il est trop petit. Mais l'humanité aussi véritablement que possible de comprendre l'univers, de s'adapter à l'univers. En ce qui concerne le résultat de l'univers n'est pas très terrible, bien sûr, pas optimiste. En effet, indépendamment de l'univers naturel et des êtres humains, se réalisent dans un ordre naturel réversible ou irréversible de tous les processus historiques naturels, cosmos naturel et inévitable. L'univers, qui imagine simplement la disparition de l'univers, la destruction de la planète, l'effondrement de la terre et tout ce qui est zéro, ne peut pas exister en fait. Comme mentionné précédemment, les substances et les espèces sont étroitement liées, mais après tout, ne peut être égal. Particules, quarks, dieux, matière interstellaire, macromolécules interstellaires, trous noirs, super trous noirs, matière noire, énergie sombre. Le Le Le Le Le Le Le changeant, ou la transformation, ou le naturel et la voie inévitable. L'équation de l'état fondamental est constante, l'équation de l'état initial et l'équation de l'état final seront dans la conversion de convergence, et le cycle, progressif, réversible ou irréversible. Bien sûr, c'est le macro-état de l'univers, les changements structurels à grande échelle, la microstructure, les changements planétaires, l'explosion de planète, la destruction de la planète, devrait être une norme naturelle. Espèces, vie, extr Éme vie, la sagesse, la vie peut disparaître, le matériel ne meurt pas épuisé. Que l'univers avant la naissance ou la destruction de l'univers après tout vide, tout zéro, digne d'étude et de contrôle. La recherche théorique est précieuse, mais nécessite encore quelques tests. Bien sûr, il ne faut pas dire que l'univers et le matériel sont immuables et deviennent des machines à mouvement perpétuel, mais que les changements dans l'univers et la matière sont complexes et non simples ou morts. Ce sera avec le développement de l'époque et de la recherche solide des scientifiques ont d'autres découvertes et des casse-tête. L'histoire du monde naturel donne trop peu de chance de donner à l'humanité, en d'autres termes, la bénédiction de Dieu pour l'humanité n'est pas le même jour, les êtres humains ont besoin de chérir, sinon, souffrira le désastre, l'auto-destruction. Reporter: Opportunité et crise avec, l'atterrissage de Mars et la lune, est aussi une occasion de le faire. J'ai lu certains de vos chefs-d'œuvre philosophiques en ligne, tels que le nouveau structuralisme rationnel naturel et le nouveau structuralisme rationnel social. ■ Professeur: J'ai déjà dit, le nouveau structuralisme rationnel naturel et le nouveau structuralisme rationnel social, quel que soit l'univers naturel, Et indépendamment de la société humaine, besoin d'une nouvelle pensée, besoin d'une structure rationnelle, sinon, les humains dégénéreront complètement en animaux purement économiques Ne peut se libérer et finalement à la destruction. Par exemple, la guerre nucléaire, les combats sans fin, le manque de ressources naturelles. The The The The The The et beaucoup plus. Le monde réel, le développement humain, le développement mondial, une concurrence accrue, des changements majeurs dans le modèle mondial, en particulier le besoin de penser l'innovation. Que pensez-vous des changements dans le modèle mondial et l'ordre mondial? ■ enseigner le monde humain et le monde naturel changements devraient être les mêmes, n'ont pas à faire de bruit. L'univers naturel a toujours été en constante évolution, la société humaine, le monde humain ne sera pas là-bas. C'est comme l'Océan Pacifique Océan Atlantique, rugueux, secouant, en plein essor. Nature donc, la société humaine peut le calmer? Donc, ne paniquez pas, le monde est si compliqué et changeant, sinon, est naïf et ignorant. Quant à la tendance future du monde, ne peut pas dire que le monde sans soucis, ne peut pas être dit être trop pessimiste. La tendance du développement est encore le courant dominant. Même après la guerre, après la guerre, le développement pacifique reste le même. Peu importe qui est devenu le leader, la tendance du développement mondial qui ne peut pas changer. En fait, la concurrence favorisera un plus grand développement de l'humanité et un meilleur avancement de l'histoire. Bien sûr, il y aura des soucis, comme la guerre, l'environnement, la pauvreté, les catastrophes humanitaires et ainsi de suite. Il n'est pas surprenant que le développement historique et l'avancement tendent à produire certains sous-produits. Depuis la naissance de l'humanité, l'histoire de l'avant ou vers l'arrière sont comme cela, bien sûr, les êtres humains d'aujourd'hui doivent être plus sophistiqués que leurs prédécesseurs, plus intelligent, c'est l'histoire de la conformité aux règles naturelles. Dans les 100 à 200 ans, le monde bondé, y compris les États-Unis, la Chine, la Russie, l'Inde, l'Europe, le Japon, le Brésil, l'Arabie, l'Allemagne, que ce soit les Big Three ou les Big Five, la concurrence est une bonne chose, pas terrible. Peu importe qui est le leader, je pense que la tendance mondiale, qui ne peut pas changer. Indépendamment de l'Occident, indépendamment de l'Est, indépendamment de l'hémisphère sud, indépendamment de l'hémisphère nord. Se conformer à l'évolution historique, se conformer à la tendance historique, est la fondamentale. La concurrence exige un compromis, mais aussi de partager, plutôt que de simplement répéter l'histoire passée. Retrogression ne peut que l'auto-destruction. Qui dirigera le monde? États Unis? Chine? Russie? L'Europe ? Inde, Arabe ou un cheval noir? (Rires), le talent éclectique, qui ont la capacité et la force qui peut Well Well Qui peut diriger le monde, les États-Unis, la Chine, la Russie, l'Inde, l'Europe, le Brésil ou l'Arabie peut être, La clé réside dans votre orientation, la capacité globale, la force nationale globale, l'influence globale. Vous ne pouvez pas simplement compter sur des choses individuelles pour guider le monde, comme l'argent simple, les armes nucléaires simples, la civilisation simple, la culture simple, la religion simple et la foi, et ainsi de suite. Le leader mondial, le leader mondial, doit avoir le logiciel et le matériel, est polyvalent, sinon, d'autres ne reconnaissent pas, ne l'achètent pas, d'autres ne sont pas d'accord, d'autres ne convergent pas, d'autres ne profitent pas, avec vous après Quelques pas ne va pas Et puis disparaître. Bien que l'argent est très important, l'homme est également un animal économique Mody Cependant, la force d'orientation comprend de nombreux, y compris la compatibilité composite, qui veut guider le monde, qui doit tous les deux avoir cette orientation complète. Sinon, il est difficile d'être compétent. Bien sûr, le leader n'est pas nécessairement un seul, peut-être quelques-uns, vous pouvez aller directement à quoi. Bien sûr, le grand et l'autre, depuis l'Antiquité. Le monde humain et t Le monde naturel est absolument pur, c'est une chose très insensée. De l'antiquité au présent, le monde n'est pas un corps absolument pur. Le monde a toujours été un corps contradictoire, la Rome antique, l'Inde ancienne, l'Egypte ancienne, la Grèce antique, la Chine ancienne, Babylone, le surintendant relatif est oui, absolument aucun chemin vers le monde entier, limite géopolitique, hors de sa portée. La religion mondiale a balayé le monde, mais il ya des restrictions régionales, les forces religieuses sont également divisés en plusieurs plaques, il n'ya pas de dominer absolu le monde. L'empire antique est également vrai. Par conséquent, l'absolu n'est pas crédible n'est pas souhaitable. Aujourd'hui, le monde est très différent de l'histoire, mais il est absolument très difficile. Allemagne Hitler La Seconde Guerre mondiale a essayé de construire un troisième empire, et a finalement échoué. Pendant la guerre froide, les États-Unis et l'Union soviétique, il n'y a pas de gagnant absolu. Après la guerre froide, les États-Unis n'ont pas vraiment atteint le point de domination d'un pays, mais aussi le besoin de soutien de l'OTAN en Europe, sinon, il est difficile d'avoir lieu. L'Union Soviétique s'est désintégrée, la Russie existe toujours, la Chine Qian Zi sombre, c'est le fait historique Mody. Ainsi, les États-Unis deviennent vraiment une super hégémonie, il est difficile d'exister. Il y en a une, il doit y en avoir deux, pas de gauche, il n'y a pas de droit, non avant, il n'y a pas après. Pas de jours, il n'y a pas de terre. Les États-Unis est forte, il doit y avoir la Chine, la Russie et d'autres confinement, si la Chine est forte, il doit y avoir les États-Unis ou d'autres pays à contenir, la Russie est forte et doit avoir les États-Unis,. Le monde a brusquement, il ya équilibre et contraintes. C'est seulement ainsi que nous pouvons construire le monde humain et la société humaine. J'espère que vous avez le temps de regarder à travers l'histoire du monde, sera une grande leçon. C'est l'histoire du bon sens, la philosophie et la sociologie de A, BC, même les enfants de trois ans comprennent la vérité simple. C'est un monde très exquis de l'art du jeu. La loi naturelle du jeu du monde. Qui viole ces lois et la jurisprudence, qui sera balayé dans l'histoire de la poubelle. L'histoire de l'humanité et l'histoire du monde sont ainsi, sauf si vous avez créé la puissance de l'univers, sinon, sera contre-productif. Le monde de la concurrence ou de la bataille, nous avons été banal, très normal très naturel, tandis que les vagues roulant, le ciel et la terre, pendant un certain temps, le soleil, calme, la concurrence Ye Hao, compromis Ye Hao, part digne de mention,, N'ont pas à Choc, courageux. Même s'il y a contre-courant, il n'arrêtera pas l'histoire du progrès. Il n'est pas surprenant que le monde soit grand et changeant. Les États sont également une lutte très normale, après tout, comment la tendance mondiale, nous possédons la théorie. Reporters a également mentionné que l'orientation future du développement du monde, par exemple, la culture, la religion, l'économie, la politique et ainsi de suite. ■ Professeur a été dit en face de la tendance générale. Par exemple, la démocratie, la liberté, l'égalité, peu de gens nient ouvertement ceux-ci. Y compris l'Ouest et l'Est. Démocratie, la liberté, l'égalité, la nécessité d'un développement continu avec le temps, et progressivement évoluer. Besoin d'améliorer en permanence et de changer. L'humanité à vraiment terminer ce processus, ont encore besoin d'une longue histoire de temps. Y compris la révolution génétique, la révolution cosmique, le développement social et le changement, la révolution économique, la révolution idéologique, le besoin de centaines de millions de connaissances et de pratiques humaines, plutôt que des choses du jour au lendemain. L'histoire est toujours plus loin en arrière, étape trois étapes, ou un autre pas en arrière, progressivement difficile à avancer. Par exemple, l'évolution de la démocratie, système de clan, système héréditaire, système de méditation, monarchie constitutionnelle, système présidentiel, système représentatif, système électoral. The The The The The Continuer à évoluer quoi? Au cours de quelques centaines d'années, des milliers d'années, la société humaine est tenue de franchir cette étape. Des centaines d'années après des milliers d'années, les êtres humains dans la terre, la lune, dans le Martien et d'autres étoiles pour survivre, ceux-ci vont changer la percée. Tout extrême et extrême sont le manque de raison, le besoin de conscience humaine et de vigilance. Il est irréaliste que la croissance économique mondiale soit trop élevée à ce stade. Indépendamment de l'Europe et les États-Unis, et la Chine, la Russie, l'Asie, l'Afrique, l'Amérique latine, une forte croissance ne sera pas apparu. Après quelques années, la situation ne sera pas inversée. La croissance lente de l'économie mondiale est normale, ne vous attendez pas trop. Environ quelques décennies plus tard, l'économie mondiale à entrer dans une nouvelle série de hauts et des bas, ont besoin d'une variété de conditions avec. Plus de 2-3%, il est possible que la moyenne mondiale entre 2,5-3,3% de turbulence, les pays individuels légèrement plus élevé, mais il ne va pas augmenter et diminuer. La lutte contre la pauvreté des Nations Unies, le développement pacifique, les progrès et l'amélioration des droits de l'homme progresseront et progresseront. Les journalistes ont posé des questions sur Mars, la lune et l'espace. Aussi loin Comme je le sais, il ya beaucoup d'articles sur la haute vitesse de recherche lourde fusée. Mettre de côté les aspects profonds professionnels et techniques du problème, il suffit de poser des questions sur les connaissances ordinaires ou des aperçus, pouvez-vous? ■ Professeur bien sûr, et peut. Je suis heureux de communiquer avec vous et de partager quelqu'un d'autre, que je sois un initié ou un étranger. Bien sûr, le long argument est impossible, le temps est limité, puis, je ne peux pas lire l'essai, ne peut parler que de façon décontractée. Les États-Unis, l'Allemagne, l'Inde, la Chine, le Japon, l'Allemagne, la France, le Brésil, les Émirats arabes unis et d'autres pays ont d'excellentes recherches et de progrès, les États-Unis et l'ex-Union soviétique ont eu similaire Development Test, succès. Tels que Zilkovsky, le père des fusées modernes, Braun, les États-Unis sur les scientifiques de la lune. Il y a beaucoup de scientifiques qui ont beaucoup contribué. Ici, je ne suis pas présenté, la science aérospatiale moderne développé prospère, humaine atterrissage de la lune, l'atterrissage Mars est lié à obtenir. La technologie des fusées est le premier choix de l'ingénierie aérospatiale, puis est la radiation, le traitement des maladies spatiales, les scientifiques du monde entier ont fait beaucoup de recherches et de tests, il est à célébrer. Humain a été un succès sur la lune, la technologie des fusées américaines assez réussie, se prépare à atterrir sur Mars. La Russie, la Chine, l'Europe, l'Inde, le Japon, les Emirats Arabes Unis et d'autres pays sont désireux, la compétence extraordinaire. En plus d'un grand nombre d'investissements en capital, puis est la réserve de la science et la technologie, la technologie sophistiquée de recherche et de développement, en particulier haute vitesse des fusées à haute résistance, y compris le développement de carburants non chimiques de la fusée traditionnelle est très important pour la en pointe. La technologie aérospatiale, l'intrant élevé à haut risque, faible retour sur court, l'atterrissage Mars coûte beaucoup, y compris le coût total de centaines de milliards de dollars ci-dessus. Est l'atterrissage sur la lune, ont également besoin d'un coût considérable. La technologie de fusée chimique traditionnelle est plus matures, dominées, les engins spatiaux nationaux et les missiles militaires utilisant des roquettes sont essentiellement tous les combustibles chimiques, y compris les stations spatiales, les satellites et ainsi de suite. Landing a été un succès, l'atterrissage Mars est plus difficile, la technologie des roquettes, la technologie des radiations et d'autres percées. Les roquettes non chimiques doivent s'appuyer sur l'énergie nucléaire, l'énergie solaire ou toute autre énergie pour promouvoir, dans les conditions existantes, autant que possible en utilisant la combinaison optimale pour le meilleur choix. L'énergie chimique et d'autres articulations, augmenter la poussée, la charge lourde à grande vitesse, côté pour la meilleure politique. Doit être une technologie sûre et mature peut être effectuée. La recherche non traditionnelle de la technologie des fusées chimiques et la percée afin de faire des progrès, indépendamment de la réussite et l'échec, doivent être des recherches répétées. Reporter Vous pensez que l'atterrissage humain sur Mars ou la transformation de Mars est possible pour y parvenir ...? ■ Professeur bien sûr possible, mais le temps doit être plus grand. Atterrissant sur Mars si la technologie est en place, il peut prendre des décennies ou plus. Quant à la transformation de Mars, il est relativement loin, probablement besoin d'une centaine d'années ou des milliers d'années. Des difficultés techniques coûteuses, trop coûteuses, nécessitent une longue histoire du processus. En outre, les humains n'ont pas vraiment atterri sur Mars, de nombreux problèmes difficiles à découvrir et à résoudre. Au contraire, à ce stade, l'atterrissage de la lune, l'utilisation et la migration de la lune la possibilité et la valeur de certains plus élevés. L'utilisation pacifique de l'espace extra-atmosphérique, les conventions internationales des Nations Unies, l'interdiction de la militarisation de l'espace et la nécessité de s'y conformer. La lune est les voisins de la Terre, à seulement 380.000 km, quelques jours pour atteindre, et la technologie d'atterrissage lunaire a mûri, quant à savoir s'il ya de l'eau sur la lune, plus que la controverse. L'atterrissage humain de la lune en utilisant l'investissement lune immigration lune, la technologie, les conditions ont été initialement disponibles, la transformation atterrissage de Mars est également très difficile, même loin. En un sens, la valeur pratique de l'atterrissage de la lune à plus de l'atterrissage sur Mars. Haute vitesse lourde fusée à destination et en provenance de la Terre - la lune, probablement quelques dizaines d'heures, des mois pour voler des dizaines de milliers de dollars peuvent être des centaines de milliers de grands engins spatiaux roquettes peuvent faire. Je pense que, après quelques décennies, ou tout simplement dire quelques centaines d'années plus tard, la lune apparaîtra sur le village de lune, village d'immigration, rue lunaire, usine lunaire, pas des dizaines d'individus, mais des milliers de dizaines de milliers, voire plus. Reculez, même si le manque d'eau sur la lune, de haute vitesse lourde de charge de fusée d'eau est aussi plus facile à faire, c'est, des dizaines d'heures Mody Bien sûr, Mars est meilleur que les conditions naturelles de la lune, mais il ya Nombreuses incertitudes, ne peuvent pas être sous-estimées. Maintenant, on peut dire que l'atterrissage de la lune pour utiliser et déplacer la lune plus raisonnable et abordable. La lune est une immense corne d'abondance, beaucoup de ressources naturelles, de la Terre proche, moins d'investissement Nt, la technologie matures en place, l'utilisation de valeur précieuse. À ce stade, la lune est très impressionnante. Mars est la dernière chose. Bien sûr, l'immigration vers Mars vers Mars est également une tâche très difficile. Reporters comme astronomes, cosmologues, comment pensez-vous de l'univers de la planète monde? ■ Professeur ne peut pas dire que la maison, peut seulement être dit préliminaire. Planète mode de survie mondiale et le mode de gestion bien sûr et la terre est très différente, ne peut pas copier le mode terre, les astronautes américains d'atterrissage plusieurs fois, ils ont un bon sentiment et la compréhension. Les astronautes de la station spatiale internationale ont également un sentiment profond. La différence et la différence entre l'astronaute et la terre. Reporters dans votre vie, peut voir ces? ■ Professeur, je pense, autant que possible à voir, mais ne peut pas être mis en œuvre. L'univers naturel est une vitalité infinie, la vie humaine est très courte, très petite. Cependant, en théorie, de l'explorateur de la recherche dit, j'ai complété le souhait personnel longtemps chéri. J'ai été dans de nombreuses régions du monde, y compris l'iceberg Okawa, banc d'eau profonde, désert sauvage, étude naturelle, la géologie et la géologie, et ainsi de suite, y compris sur la lune, la chimie lunaire, moonlight et ainsi de suite, ainsi que la Géologie martienne, de vastes recherches, y compris la recherche spatiale roquettes et de fabrication, etc, en un sens, a été à la Lune et Mars et Jupiter ou de la galaxie. Bien sûr, le véritable atterrissage sur Mars atterrissage sur le terrain pour voir plus de gains, mais malheureusement, Dieu ne m'a pas donné cette opportunité. (Rires) Mais il n'y a pas beaucoup de regrets. Ainsi, j'ai dit à plusieurs reprises que s'il y a une seconde vie, d'abord de la lune, suivie par Mars. Parce que l'étude explore l'univers, explorer la vie et la matière, la lune et les données de Mars sont cruciales. Reporter Enfin, poser une question, vous les gens dans le monde, en particulier la jeune génération la plupart veulent dire un mot? ■ Professeur J'ai utilisé pour écrire une lettre aux jeunes, la réunion d'élite, je voudrais répéter quelques mots: l'avenir de l'avenir de l'humanité appartient à vous. La lune vous appartient, Mars vous appartient, le satellite Jupiter vous appartient. Une galaxie vous appartient. Au Revoir. Reporter est très reconnaissant à l'entrevue du professeur Fang et la réponse. Professeur Je suis également très reconnaissant à vos journalistes pour leur travail et leur accueil chaleureux et je leur adresse mes meilleurs vœux pour vous et votre famille. Reporter adieu Après une période de temps. Après le professeur aura une période .. - -- ---

Fangruida important    works   (walk.H      2016       Moscow      Newyore)
Dual-engine high-speed heavy-duty non-traditional chemical rocket, referred to as "Deh-RD-MT.", Which is a new type of high-speed heavy-duty rocket and non-traditional chemical fuel high-(Fangruida  works)Editor:walk.H

Dual-engine high-speed heavy-duty non-traditional chemical rocket design and manufacturing technology, referred to as "Deh-RD-MT.", Dual-engine high-speed heavy- As "Deh-RD-MT."

In the 21st century, mankind began to enter the depths of the moon, Mars, Jupiter, Venus, Mercury, Saturn and so on. Space station technology, aerospace technology has developed rapidly, and has become the cutting-edge representative field of human high intelligence wisdom. In fact, aerospace cutting-edge technology, nothing more than modern physics, modern chemistry, astronomy, geology, biology, medicine, materials science, aviation science, electronic technology, control technology, radar technology, communication technology, mechanical and electrical integration technology, And so many collections of science and technology integration. Among them, the most leading trend of electronic technology, aerospace technology, atomic energy technology, biotechnology, rocket technology. Rocket technology is particularly important, not only in the military, in the field of aerospace is extremely important. So that it can be said that the great significance of rocket technology in human society far beyond the people's imagination and product judgments. In particular, rocket technology and atomic energy technology are of paramount importance in the peaceful use of outer space by humankind. Rocket technology and atomic energy technology are very important for any country. Of course, we here mainly emphasize the peaceful use, including atomic energy technology and rocket technology. The Charter of the United Nations and the relevant international conventions have such constraints and rules. The International Convention on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, the International Convention on Atomic Energy, and so on.

1. nuclear energy technology, also known as "nuclear energy." That is, the energy released when the nucleus changes, such as heavy nuclear fission and light nuclear fusion when the release of the huge energy. Before the discovery of atomic energy, humans only know that the world has mechanical energy, such as motor kinetic energy; there are chemical energy, such as burning alcohol into carbon dioxide gas and water to release heat; there is power, when the current through the electric wire, will be issued heat and light The The release of these energies will not change the quality of the material and will only change the form of energy.

The birthplace of human atomic energy is the world's top universities in the United States, the University of Chicago. During the Manhattan program, the famous physicist Fermi led the team to build the first human (controlled) nuclear reactor at the University of Chicago, Stagg Field in December 1942, named the Chicago Pile-1 [1]. The reactor is the use of uranium fission chain reaction, opened the era of human atomic energy. Albert Einstein's energy equation E = mc², where E = energy, m = mass, c = speed of light. Nuclear energy can be released through one of the three nuclear reactions: 1, nuclear fission, heavier nucleon cleavage release binding energy. 2, nuclear fusion, lighter nucleus polymerization together to release binding energy. 3, nuclear decay, the nucleus spontaneously decay the process of releasing energy.

Nuclear Rocket Nuclear Power Spacecraft Nuclear Power Vehicle Nuclear Power Train Nuclear Power Carrier Nuclear Power Submarine Nuclear Power Station Nuclear Power Battery Nuclear Power Mars Volleycraft Nuclear Power Aircraft, etc., the key lies in nuclear power engine, nuclear energy converter, nuclear safety technology and other successful research and manufacturing. Nuclear energy is very important for mankind, energy application, nuclear development prospects are very broad. As the times progress, nuclear energy will be applied to many aspects of human life. Especially human into the moon, into Mars, into Jupiter satellites, into the far-reaching universe, the use of nuclear energy is essential and will show their talents. (Nuclear warfare is not included here, including nuclear missiles, atomic bombs, nuclear mines, etc., should strictly follow the international peaceful use of nuclear energy related to international treaties and conventions, to defend world peace, the establishment of nuclear-free world) With the development of the times, nuclear safety Technology will be increasingly perfect, the use of nuclear energy promising. Human into the moon, Mars, etc., nuclear energy, solar energy development and use unstoppable The

2. Rocket technology High-speed heavy-duty traditional chemical rocket and high-speed heavy-duty non-traditional chemical fuel rocket technology. Traditional chemical fuel rocket technology has long been the main body of aerospace science, which is beyond doubt. So, here, do not speak high-speed heavy traditional chemical rocket technology, mainly to explore and study non-traditional chemical rocket technology. Traditional chemical rocket technology is more popular, all over the world in many countries, such as satellites, spacecraft, space stations, missiles, spacecraft, detectors, etc., we have become commonplace. However, high-speed heavy-duty non-traditional chemical fuel rocket, it is relatively rare, or even blank. Because the high-speed heavy-duty non-traditional chemical rocket technology developed almost zero. The United States, Russia, Europe, China, Japan, India and other unique research and progress, but the real mention of the daily agenda and put it into reality. First, the technology is sophisticated, the second is a huge investment in research and development, long cycle, the third is the test detection, industrial testing and other technologies are more complete maturity of harsh. Fourth, the lack of cutting-edge technology, a large number of technical experts. For example, landing on Mars is a major challenge. Although the traditional chemical rocket technology is more mature, but the high-speed heavy load is difficult to achieve. Chemical fuel storage, the volume is too large, the weight is too large, long-term flight safety risks a lot. Flew to Mars, round and round takes more than a year to load thousands of tons of chemical fuel to promote, indeed a lot of difficulties. Of course, there are major problems such as radiation protection, here is not much talk.

At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, with the advancement of science and technology, modern rocket technology and space flight developed, pioneer representatives of the former Soviet Union Ziokovsky, American Goddard and Germany Obert.

Magnetic confinement fusion engine

Magnetic confinement fusion is probably the best way to generate electricity, but it is probably not ideal in terms of aerospace, not because we have to invent the ion plasma directional control system, but because we must install a magnetic field generator and may still be large, And the low density of the pulp in this way means that the engine must be made very large. But we have to look at how the future development.

Inertial confinement fusion engine

As with the Orion program, this program is a direct use of nuclear explosions, but this program is in the hull inside the explosion, in the tail to promote the use of laser or particle beam to detonate small fuel ball, to detonate 30 to 250 per second. The use of particle beams in the vacuum of the universe has a significant advantage over the atmosphere, without interference from atmospheric molecules. Relatively speaking, this program is the most feasible, but it is clear that this way to install other facilities, such as lasers or particle beam generator, and need to provide them with energy, although this program is likely than magnetic confinement fusion engine To light. Μ meson catalytic fusion engine

This solution is also less suitable for aerospace because the μ meson has a very short lifetime, which means that we have to install the mu saddle on the spacecraft to increase the weight and eliminate the benefits of the absence of the magnetic field generator and the laser. And the current technology to create μ meson need too much energy, there is no energy to launch the spacecraft.

Regardless of the way you use, you need to invent a magnetic field limit device to protect the spacecraft's spout, or high-heat ions will soon melt the nozzle.

Nuclear fission engines are divided into the following four types:

1) Solid core nuclear engine: In this engine, the propellant is heated by the solid fuel core and is estimated to reach about 800 seconds faster than the impulse;

2) Particle Bed nuclear engine: In such an engine, the liquid propellant is pumped into the nuclear fuel, which achieves very high heat, so that the impulse can reach about 1,000 seconds, pushing the weight ratio more than 1;

3) Liquid core nuclear engine: This approach is to use liquid nuclear fission fuel, because you do not have to worry about the melting point of fissile material, so to achieve higher temperatures to get a greater advantage than the impulse can reach about 1,500 seconds, pushing weight ratio of more than 1 ;

4) Gas Core Nuclear Engine: In this case we do not have to worry about the evaporation of fissile material in which the propellant flows through the fissile material of the plasma state to achieve the highest possible temperature. After installing a cooling system, Reaching 7,000 seconds.

Nuclear power is the use of controlled nuclear reaction to obtain energy, resulting in power, heat and electricity. The principle of nuclear power is to carry out nuclear fission in a closed container to obtain heat, used to drive the steam engine. The steam engine can provide power directly, or you can connect the generator to generate electricity.

And the rockets and satellites need fuel fuel injection force, if the nuclear power of the heat into the jet force is still difficult, but also to the nuclear reactor made very small and very light to be installed in the rockets and satellites, which is a technical difficulty The The most important thing is the nuclear safety issue, once the rockets and satellites failure or crash, that the ground may be suffering. Space Nuclear power refers to the general term for equipment and systems used to convert nuclear energy into electrical energy and to supply spacecraft or electric thrust rockets. It has the characteristics of light weight, small size, strong anti-radiation ability, long life and high window utilization, and can be applied in interstellar navigation away from the sun, so it is indispensable in addition to outer space exploration and lunar base activities, In the global communications, marine military reconnaissance, space laser and particle beam weapons and the use of electric rocket to promote the transfer of the track and so on have a potential advantage. Is the field of aerospace for the development of advanced power plant.

Space nuclear power plant can be divided into two types of radioactive isotopes and nuclear reactors. The former uses radioactive isotopes to absorb heat from the material and generates electricity through the thermo-electric conversion device. The latter uses fission from the reactor to generate heat and reacts it into electricity.

The camera first launches the nuclear reactor on the track.

And then block the block once again launched on the track, and then assembled as a whole shield.

Launch a number of slender pipes, connected in outer space into a long pipe.

Launch space cockpit and ion propulsion.

In the external spaceless weightless environment,

Radiation illumination and distance into a square inverse relationship, so with one or several long tube to the reactor and cockpit away from tens of meters to several kilometers according to the calculation of free choice. In the absence of gravity in outer space, the relationship between length and structure is weak. So the tube slender also does not matter.

The shield is installed in the middle of the reactor and cockpit shielded radiation.

Ion propulsion is the use of the reactor to generate a huge power, the ionization of the media after the use of electromagnetic field to the rear high-speed jet, get recoil power. This propeller thrust is weak, but the work of a long time, continuous advance can accelerate the spacecraft to a very high speed. Related technology is not profound.

The design of the heaviest shield and the center of the propeller is random, taking into account the factors that make the center of gravity and torque better adjusted. Can be optimized.

Slender tube in the middle or outside to take the wire and control circuit.

Rocket Design Design Parameter Selection: Use the set of parameters to determine the rocket's weight, thrust and geometry, etc., depending on the given parameters (or range), payload and propellant for a given set of optimal design parameters The The overall design parameters are: the engine vacuum ratio thrust (the ideal speed of the rocket is proportional to it), the rocket mass ratio (reflect the level of weight reduction of the rocket structure and the degree of loading of the propellant), the ratio of the thrust to the takeoff weight (Ie, the ratio of the ratio of the vacuum ratio to the ground ratio, the ratio of the area ratio of the engine nozzle, the change in the height of the flight), the takeoff load on the maximum unit cross section of the rocket (reflecting the rocket Thickness level), multi-stage rocket stage takeoff mass ratio (which affects the rocket size and carrying capacity). Of course, this is the traditional chemical fuel rocket design, if it is other types of rockets, calculation formulas and various parameters there are many changes. Chemical rocket design, calculation for non-traditional chemical rocket, it is also very important. Of course, there are very similarities and differences.

Rocket engine will be energy into the working medium (working fluid) kinetic energy, the formation of high-speed jet discharge and produce thrust.

Chemical rocket engine propellant is both energy and refrigerant, it is in the combustion chamber for exothermic reaction, the chemical energy into heat, generate high temperature gas, through the nozzle expansion accelerated, the heat into gas flow to high-speed from the spray Tube discharge, produce thrust. At present, the most technically mature liquid rocket engine, especially the use of liquid hydrogen liquid oxygen engine performance is highest, known as low-temperature high-energy engine. The liquid rocket engine consists of a thrust chamber (including a propellant injector, a combustion chamber and a nozzle), a propellant supply system and an engine control system.

Nuclear rocket engine

Nuclear rocket engine with nuclear fuel for energy, with hydrogen as working fluid, by nuclear reaction or radioactive decay release heat energy heating fluid, after the nozzle expansion accelerated high-speed discharge, resulting in thrust. Nuclear engines are still under investigation.

Electric rocket engine

Electric rocket engine power for energy, with hydrogen, nitrogen, fluoride or hold, mercury, riveting, potassium and other alkali metal vapor for working fluid. Power to speed up the working fluid, the formation of high-speed jet discharge, resulting in thrust.

US Falcon Heavy (Falcon Heavy), high 69.2 meters, the Earth's low orbital load of 53 tons, thrust up to 16900 kN, is the US private space company "SpaceX" built since the human race since the most powerful rocket, this The rocket, called the heavy Falcon, is expected to be launched for the first time in 2016, bringing goods and people to the moon, asteroids and even Mars. The Delta IV rocket series has three main structures or types: medium, medium + (4.2, 5.2 and

Delta IV Heavy Rocket

5.4), heavy. Each of the structures is equipped with a first stage (2/3 at the bottom of the rocket) and a second (rocket top 1/3) rocket, which includes a fuel tank and a main engine, which includes a secondary engine, a fuel tank, Carrying goods and a variety of electronic equipment.

The first stage of the medium rocket includes a universal booster core (CBC) powered by the RS-68 engine. Its second stage is powered by the RL10B-2 engine, as well as various operating and controlled electronics, such as the Redundant Inertial Flight Control System (RIFCA) used in Delta II and the fuel tank and oxidizer tank The

The first stage of the medium and rocket contains two or four solid rocket-tied graphite epoxy engines (GEM) with a diameter of 1.5 meters, in addition to the same components as the medium rocket. All medium-sized rockets use the RL10B-2 engine to power the second stage, but versions 5.2 and 5.4 have larger diameter fuel tanks and longer oxidizer tanks than medium and medium +4.2 versions.

'Alt = Delta type IV rocket border = 0 label-module = para class = "" v: shapes = "_ x0000_i1025"> Delta IV heavy rocket

The heavy rocket looks like a super rocket, it not only has the main general boost core, but also includes two additional bundled boosters. The three boosters are equipped with RS-68 engines, the second stage of the heavy rocket and a fuel tank with a diameter of 5 meters and a 5-meter-diameter carrier facility

Parameter assignment: According to the selected rocket technical indicators, the overall program and design parameters, through the design and analysis of sub-system design parameters. This work includes calculating the initial parameters, determining the size, volume, weight, center of gravity, moment of inertia and various deviations of the rocket, the aerodynamic characteristics of the rocket, the aerodynamic heating, the flight orbit procedure, the standard orbit, and the deviation Characteristics and liquid shaking characteristics, load, delivery system pressurization, flight stability, guidance accuracy and reliability of the calculation and comprehensive analysis.

The United States Saturn 5 is still the largest ever used in human history, the maximum weight of the carrier rocket, up to 110.6 meters, take off the weight of 3038.5 tons; total thrust of 3408 tons, the moon orbit carrying capacity of 45 tons, near-Earth orbit carrying capacity of 118 tons The Saturn 5 is a three-stage rocket, made by S-1C first, S-2

Secondary, S-4B third stage, instrument compartment and payload. The first level of 42 meters, 10 meters in diameter to the bottom of the tail diameter increased to 13 meters. There are four stable tail fins on the tail section, the wingspan of about 18 meters. The first stage uses five F-1 engines, the propellant for liquid oxygen and kerosene, and two 10-meter-diameter aluminum propellant tanks are reinforced with beams and frames. The second level of 25 meters, 10 meters in diameter, the use of liquid oxygen liquid hydrogen propellant, sharing five J-2 engine. Third grade 18.8 meters, 6.6 meters in diameter, a J-2 engine, propellant liquid oxygen liquid hydrogen.

Although NASA has envisioned larger rockets (such as the Rising Rocket), Saturn 5 is the largest rocket in the history of Saturn's launch rockets, [1] Saturn 5 by Marshall Space Flight Commander Werner von Braun and his German rocket team served as design and development work, the main contractors, including Boeing, North American Airlines, Douglas aircraft company and IBM.

Rockets are: chemical rocket engines

Solid rocket engine

Liquid rocket engine

Hybrid rocket engine

Electrical rocket engine

Ion rocket engine

Electromagnetic accelerator engine

Other rocket engines and so on

Solid rocket and liquid rocket is now more commonly used rocket. In addition, there are mixed rockets - with solid fuels, but with liquid oxidants. In addition, it should be mentioned that today's launch vehicles mostly contain liquid rockets and solid rockets; that is, the first section of a rocket is solid, while the second section is liquid. So far only chemical rockets and ion rockets are practical.

Rocket technology innovation, is the 21st century the most important of a cosmic revolution - the greatest revolution in nature. Mankind out of the earth, began to enter the universe, the significance of extraordinary. Landing on the moon, landing on Mars, the transformation of the use of the moon and Mars, and other human beings can move the planet, will completely rewrite the history of natural universe and human survival history, its meaning is self-evident. Therefore, the development of high-speed heavy-duty rockets, especially non-traditional chemical fuel rocket research and manufacturing, is of great importance. In accordance with the existing scientific and technological capabilities, human into the moon has no big obstacles, technical maturity than landing Mars high, use, transformation and immigration of the moon's capital investment in some areas than landing Mars less. Landing the moon, the use of, the transformation of the moon, immigration of the moon, and further landing Mars, the transformation of Mars, the use of Mars, 100 - 200 years will inevitably appear in the special events. 1-2 centuries, or more for centuries, after a few hundred years, the moon will first appear in the moon village, the moon city, far more than the Antarctic polar life circle, is entirely possible and realistic. Mars, may also be so, perhaps later, because landing Mars transformation of Mars technical difficulty and huge investment, there are many uncertain factors, including. The moon is the Earth's neighbors, human neighbors, landing, use, transformation of the moon, benefit from. Mars in natural conditions seems superior to the moon, and therefore more attractive. All in all, regardless of the moon, whether it is Mars, Venus, Mercury, Saturn, Jupiter satellites, and other planets that can emigrate, fly from the earth to the moon, Mars, and so on. Interstellar flight, rocket technology led first. And large heavy-duty high-speed rocket is an inevitable choice. Only interstellar transport made a major breakthrough, interstellar flight can become possible. Traditional chemical fuel rocket technology is more mature, contributed; but only stop, the desire of mankind to enter the universe will be stagnant. Therefore, the study of manufacturing new non-traditional chemical rocket of the task, placed in front of mankind. Yes or back, the answer is yes. Many countries and outstanding scientists have made great contributions to this, the United States, Russia, Europe, China, Japan, India, the United Arab Emirates, as well as the world's space agencies. Of course, there is success, there will be a failure. For example, high-speed heavy-duty non-traditional chemical fuel rocket development, quite complex and difficult, such as the combination of atomic energy and rocket technology, nuclear rocket, solar rocket, ion rocket, laser rocket, rocket, rockless rocket, etc. Difficult and difficult. Especially related to engineering practice, is almost blank. Fill this gap, the difficulty can be imagined. However, we believe that with the development of the times, rocket technology is a major innovation and breakthrough is bound to come. Although human beings can not exhaust the universe, but the invention of the invention of the new heavy-duty high-altitude rocket or distant things, humans can not cross the space tunnel into the infinite universe, but great hope and wisdom to land on Mars, Jupiter and even fly Go to the Milky Way. Human wisdom is infinite, but the great human, after all, is part of the natural universe, and only the high-level wisdom of animals, life animals, primate mammals. The kind of view that mankind is much higher than the transcendent natural universe, is a call to the transcendent species, but also epistemological blind spot or is a kind of ignorance and naive. Even if humans enter the moon into Mars into the Milky Way, it is only a drop in the ocean. The existence of the destruction of the natural universe continues, and species, humans, creatures have a considerable relationship, but not very large; in other words, even without human existence, the natural universe still exists. As for the beginning or end of the natural universe, it is only the natural and inevitable historical process and historical process of the natural universe. In fact, the universe is not life and death. (Which belongs to the cosmology, the classic range of physics, not too much here to elaborate). Rocket technology combines high thrust (million Newtons), high exhaust speed (10 times the sea level sound speed), high thrust weight ratio (> 100) and the ability to work outside the atmosphere. And can often make another performance higher by weakening one performance.

Than the red

An important indicator of the performance of the engine is the impulse of the unit mass of the propellant, ie, the punch (usually writing Isp). Ratio of available speed (Ve per second or foot per second) or time (second). The engine is often better than the large engine.

Net thrust

The following is the approximate calculation formula for the net thrust of the engine:

Since the rocket engine does not have an air inlet for the jet engine, it is not necessary to subtract the punching resistance from the total thrust, since the net thrust is equal to the total thrust (excluding static back pressure). Here, do not make too much theoretical calculations and theoretical research, as long as the study and study of practical nuclear-powered rockets and other new rocket key technology. Imagine the conversion of nuclear energy into chemical or near-high-speed jet technology in the narrow and extremely limited space environment in the high-speed rocket, is not easy. First, the ability to convert, nuclear power security technology is quite complex. In the current real state of technology, the breakthrough limit is impossible and unrealistic purely ideal technology or pure test technology, rather than fully implement the full set of mature technology, and therefore, the practical value is very small, or even do not intend to use The Nuclear energy use, rocket technology is the first safe and reliable, technology is fully mature, otherwise, will bring catastrophic consequences. Under these conditions, it is difficult to try to develop nuclear rocket technology or other non-chemical fuel high-speed heavy-duty rocket technology. Comprehensive research program, technical demonstration, double-engine high-speed heavy-duty rocket to break through the neck bottle, open up a new non-traditional chemical fuel heavy-duty high-speed rocket development of a door. The so-called twin engine, not only refers to nuclear energy, chemical energy, electricity, solar energy, etc., refers to the use of several kinds of mixed or combined or main auxiliary, which does not exclude the use of traditional chemical energy. Technology mix, not simply mix, mix, but the technical integration, technological innovation, technology coupling, this is the substantive revolution. For example, the application of traditional chemical rocket technology, nuclear power (micro-reactor units), solar concentrator board technology, transducers, converters, etc., the essence of technology. This is undoubtedly high-speed heavy-duty rocket development to broaden the road, and that is not a test can not be practical technology, can be really in the rocket development can be applied. In such a small combination of rocket body technology, high technical requirements, integration, modularity, switching, technical redundancy, technology nesting, technology enrichment, technical compatibility and so need high, fine, sharp. The development of this rocket, from the design, materials, manufacturing, testing, testing, industrial experiments, practical flight and other aspects of the need for high technology, only with considerable strength and a variety of cutting-edge technology reserves of the country may be developed. Of course, her cost is not very expensive, but the function and function of traditional high-speed heavy-duty rocket is unparalleled. This is undoubtedly the future high-speed heavy rocket development of the important direction.

The electric rocket engine is a rocket engine that uses electric energy to accelerate the working fluid and form a high-speed jet to generate thrust. Unlike chemical rocket engines, the energy and working fluid of this engine are separate. Electric energy is provided by the aircraft, usually by the solar energy, nuclear energy, chemical energy can be obtained by the conversion device. Refrigerants are hydrogen, nitrogen, argon, mercury, ammonia and other gases.

The electric rocket engine consists of power supply, power switch, power regulator, working fluid supply system and electric thruster. The role of the electric thruster is to convert electrical energy into the kinetic energy of the working fluid, so that it produces high-speed jet flow and produce thrust.

The electric rocket engine has a very high than the red (700-2500 seconds), very long life (repeatable million times, the cumulative work up to tens of thousands of hours). But the resulting thrust is less than 100N. This engine is only suitable for spacecraft attitude control, position and so on.

Nuclear rocket engine. This system consists mainly of nuclear reactor energy, propellant tanks, and turbo pumps and other groups. The propellant (usually liquid hydrogen) is heated by the nuclear reactor to a high temperature and then rapidly expands through the nozzle. High heat conditions of the working fluid sprayed vigorously for the launch vehicle and its payload provides a powerful thrust. Nuclear rocket propellant can use different working fluid. The specific impulse of the rocket engine decreases with the increase of the molecular weight of the injected gas, so hydrogen is an ideal propellant with a molecular weight of only 2. In order to ensure that a certain volume of nuclear rocket is carried as much as possible with hydrogen propellant, hydrogen is generally stored in liquid hydrogen in tanks in cryogenic conditions. Nuclear rocket propulsion system is the use of ternary carbide as nuclear fuel, zirconium hydride for the slowdown of the reactor system. During operation, the system's turbo pump pumps the propellant hydrogen (also helium, xenon) from the tank and flows through the reactor cooling and decelerating material (zirconium hydride) with an external pressure vessel. Driven by a propellant, and then through the reactor

The electric rocket engine consists of power supply, power switch, power regulator, working fluid supply system and electric thruster. The role of the electric thruster is to convert electrical energy into the kinetic energy of the working fluid, so that it produces high-speed jet flow and produce thrust.

The electric rocket engine has a very high than the red (700-2500 seconds), very long life (repeatable million times, the cumulative work up to tens of thousands of hours). But the resulting thrust is less than 100N. This engine is only suitable for spacecraft attitude control, position and so on.

Nuclear rocket engine. This system consists mainly of nuclear reactor energy, propellant tanks, and turbo pumps and other groups. The propellant (usually liquid hydrogen) is heated by the nuclear reactor to a high temperature and then rapidly expands through the nozzle. High heat conditions of the working fluid sprayed vigorously for the launch vehicle and its payload provides a powerful thrust. Nuclear rocket propellant can use different working fluid. The specific impulse of the rocket engine decreases with the increase of the molecular weight of the injected gas, so hydrogen is an ideal propellant with a molecular weight of only 2. In order to ensure that a certain volume of nuclear rocket is carried as much as possible with hydrogen propellant, hydrogen is generally stored in liquid hydrogen in tanks in cryogenic conditions. Nuclear rocket propulsion system is the use of ternary carbide as nuclear fuel, zirconium hydride for the slowdown of the reactor system. During operation, the system's turbo pump pumps the propellant hydrogen (also helium, xenon) from the tank and flows through the reactor cooling and decelerating material (zirconium hydride) with an external pressure vessel. Driving the turbo pump by the heated propellant, and then through the reactor fuel assembly, to high temperature, from the nozzle spray, resulting in thrust. The United States, Russia (the former Soviet Union) mainly study the results and methods of nuclear rockets. The core of the rocket nuclear thermal propulsion system is the nuclear reactor. How to ensure that the nuclear reactor outlet temperature (because the rocket's specific impulse, that is, the thrust generated per unit mass of propellant is proportional to the square root of the temperature), and to extend the reactor run time is the key to the development of the rocket thermal propulsion system. At present, the US nuclear rocket program is technically successful, but only on the prototype of the ground test, has not yet been space to run the field test ... the United States, Russia (the former Soviet Union) in nuclear rocket research has a lot of experience, it is worth studying The.

Nuclear rocket engine

Laser pulse rocket engine

Antique Rocket Engine

Star (space) gas filling rocket engine without rocket, etc., this will not go into details.

Nuclear rocket and laser pulse rocket, is doing the sample experiment, anti-matter rocket and interstellar gas stamping rocket is still only in theory to explore the study.

Fission Class: Fission Type Rocket Engine The essence is to miniaturize the nuclear reactor and place it on the rocket. Nuclear rocket engine nuclear fuel for energy, liquid hydrogen, liquid helium, liquid ammonia for working fluid. The nuclear rocket engine consists of a nuclear reactor installed in a thrust chamber, a cooling nozzle, a working fluid delivery system and a control system. In the nuclear reactor, nuclear energy into heat to heat the working fluid, heated by the nozzle after the expansion of the accelerator to 6500 ~ 11000 m / s speed from the nozzle discharge and produce thrust. Nuclear rocket engine than the high (250-1000 seconds) long life, but the technology is complex, only for long-term work of the spacecraft. This engine is still under test because of nuclear radiation protection, exhaust pollution, reactor control, and efficient heat exchanger design and other issues can not be resolved. In addition, the sun heating and photon rocket engine is still in the theoretical stage of exploration.

Nuclear rocket engine

Fusion type: fusion rocket engine is considered to be the most promising to achieve the solar system within the rocket engine, its principle and chemical rocket similar, but the fuel into hydrogen isotope deuterium, tritium and helium three, the use of nuclear fusion reaction The release of the huge energy to promote the rocket, compared to the chemical rocket several orders of magnitude higher.

Since the material produced by the fusion nuclear reaction is neutron, proton and helium, it can not be used in the Earth's atmosphere, but the space itself is filled with a variety of radiation, so the use of space is not wrong. Nuclear fusion rocket engine the most important problem to be solved is the ignition and fuel chamber high temperature materials (reaction room temperature up to tens of millions to hundreds of millions of degrees Celsius) two issues.

The rocket name is a brief description

The following are the same as the "

Nuclear thermal rocket

Material technology limits the upper limit of temperature; some of the exhaust gas containing radioactive particles; nuclear reaction layer is very heavy; can not be used on the surface of the earth; push weight ratio is not high

Gas core reactor rocket

It is difficult to heat the propellant without the fissile material in the exhaust gas; the throat of the nozzle faces a lot of heat problems; the tail gas is destined to be highly radioactive; the use of nuclear light bulbs can contain fissile material, but the ratio is reduced by half

The following are the same as the "

Fissure sails

Theoretical stage.

Nuclear salt rocket

Nozzle heat treatment problem; propellant instability; exhaust high radioactivity; still in the theoretical stage

Nuclear shocks (explosive atomic bombs or thermal bombs) have never been tested; thrust plates may be damaged due to vibration; the current minimum size of the nuclear bomb is still relatively large; small-scale use of expensive; contrary to nuclear-related treaties; in the atmosphere using nuclear radiation

Antimatter catalyzes nuclear impulses (fission or fusion into energy) in the macro quantity of antimatter, the product is currently impractical; still in the theoretical stage

Fusion rockets (nuclear fusion for energy) far more than the current level of technology

Antique rocket

Anti-matter products and processing problems; energy to neutrino, gamma rays and muons loss; thermal problems; still theoretical stage

Error correction

Error correction

The world's scientists put forward a variety of new non-traditional chemical fuel high-speed heavy-duty rocket development technology and programs, which undoubtedly laid a solid foundation for future success.

Rocket program design includes the selection of the overall parameters, to determine the overall program and the sub-system to prepare the initial development of the task book. Before selecting the overall parameters, determine the propellant and engine type, the number of stages, the connection mode, the operating mechanism type, the separation mode, the structure of the rocker structure, the rocket shape and the part arrangement.

Propellant selection: propellant accounted for 80 to 95 percent of the rocket takeoff weight, directly affecting the carrying capacity of the rocket. Therefore, non-traditional chemical fuel rocket for fuel, propellant use to be limited.

Force, engine type, trajectory characteristics and performance. Liquid propellant performance is high, thrust control is convenient. Solid propellant can make the rocket size small, the system is simple, launch preparation time is short, take off to accelerate fast. The propellant is selected in order to obtain as much calorific value and density as possible, requiring the propellant to be corrosive and less toxic, and the mechanical strength of the solid propellant is high. Propellants for missiles require stable physical and chemical properties in the use temperature range and in long term storage.

In the new non-chemical fuel high-speed heavy-duty rocket technology development, although there are many promising progress, but the real application of aerospace engineering practice and complete technology mature rocket technology did not appear, the traditional chemical rocket technology still dominate. To make a difference, it's not easy. Rocket technology limit, it is difficult to have a big breakthrough. This requires scientists and technical experts to start their brains, divergent thinking, not rigidly adhere to a skill, and to learn from the public, in order to get the mind. For example, chemical energy - nuclear energy - solar - energy - heat - kinetic energy between the conversion, transduction, multi - level, single - level, direct conversion, indirect conversion, direct advance, indirect advance, which requires laborious study. Only in this way can be from shallow to deep, from the table and, gradually enter the nirvana, innovative thinking, to achieve tangible results. High-tech compound blend, traditional chemical fuel propulsion, nuclear power propulsion, the use of solar energy, and so can play a role. This is the non-traditional chemical high-speed heavy rocket development of the important divergent thinking, not just convergence of thinking. And then the rocket technology to fly the specific circumstances of the environment, must be followed and can not be violated. The human dream flew out of the earth to the moon for about a few thousand years tens of thousands of years, the rocket was successfully completed on the moon; so, even tens of thousands of times the human genius, it is impossible to whip suddenly fly to Jupiter satellite, fly to the Galaxy, The time span of at least tens of thousands of years. Even if landing Mars, probably also need a considerable period of time, may be several decades, it may be several hundred years. The key lies in the new high-speed heavy-duty rocket technology breakthrough and leap. This process also takes quite some time to process, is not an easy thing. The greatness and wisdom of mankind, and the naive and ignorance of mankind are always coexisting. Even if the day of human victory landing Mars, or landing Jupiter satellite, human wisdom can not be compared with the huge universe. There is an essential difference between the two worlds.

Rocket recovery first control the rocket attitude. As the rocket shape slender, landing attitude is not easy to fall. Space exploration technology company carried out the previous recovery test

Instead of chemical energy may have nuclear energy, electromagnetic energy, solar energy and so on. But the biggest problem is working. Pneumatic type must have a lot of working fluid to work, and these fuels can not produce a lot of gas as chemical fuel to promote the rocket. May be able to use a large number of photons back to promote the rocket (light momentum, back to the photon can make the rocket produced equal size of the reverse momentum), but now can not produce such a huge energy to promote the rocket. So to replace the chemical rocket must completely change the rocket to push the way the F-1 rocket engine.

Now cited the United States, Russia and other large rocket instructions: (from the US Space Agency, the Russian Space Agency, the European Space Agency, China Aerospace Bureau, the British Space Agency, the Indian Space Agency, Japan Space Agency, the German Space Agency,

The United States developed the world's largest thrust single-chamber liquid rocket engine, for the Saturn 5 rocket, a single thrust 700 tons, the use of kerosene as fuel, liquid oxygen as oxidant.

F-1 detailed data:

Combustion form: gas generator open cycle, liquid - liquid combustion

Propellant: kerosene - liquid oxygen

Thrust: sea level 690.988 tons

Vacuum 793.683 tons

Than the red: sea level 255.4 seconds (70 engine average)

Vacuum for 304.1 seconds

Diameter: 3.645 meters

Length: 5.598 meters

Total weight: 8451.66 kg

Workflow propellant flow: kerosene: 838.2 kg / s, liquid oxygen 1784.7 kg / s

Turbine pump power: 46225 kilowatts

Number of design starts: 20

Design life: 2250 seconds

RD-170 rocket engine

Russia developed the world's largest thrust liquid rocket engine, using kerosene + liquid oxygen, a single thrust of 800 tons (using a four-chamber, four-nozzle design, some people think it is four engines in parallel, but shared gas generators and turbo pumps), For the energy source launch vehicle and zenith carrier rocket (RD-171 rocket engine, the RD-170 improved) the first level.

Its derivative model has RD-180 rocket engine, thrust 400 tons, equivalent to the RD-170 is divided into two, dual fuel chamber, double nozzle. Used for the first level of the US Atlas II and the Celestial III launch vehicle.

RD-191 rocket engine, a single thrust of 200 tons, single-chamber single nozzle, the equivalent of RD-170 and then divided into two, for the Russian Angara carrier rocket. The RD-151 derivative model RD-151 was sold to South Korea for the first level of the Los Angeles launch vehicle.

RS-68 rocket engine

The United States developed the world's largest thrust liquid hydrogen-liquid oxygen engine, thrust 300 tons, for the first level of its fourth carrier rocket.

RD-0120 Rocket Engine

Russia thrust the largest liquid hydrogen-liquid-oxygen rocket engine, thrust 200 tons, for the main engine of the energy carrier rocket.

Space shuttle main engine (SSME)

The main engine of the US space shuttle, the use of liquid hydrogen liquid oxygen, thrust 200 tons, the biggest feature is reusable.

Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Engine

The world's largest rocket engine, a single thrust up to 1,200 tons, can be reused 10 times for the US space shuttle bundled booster, the improved for the Ares 1 rocket engine and the Ares 5 rocket bundle boost Device.

(Source: Encyclopedia website world space agency official website aerospace magazine)

Wormhole utilization technology, time and space distortion technology. Nuclear pulse propeller. Bushard jet engine. Laser power propulsion, solar sail propulsion technology, no material rocket propulsion, etc. These technologies are still in the study or pilot flight, etc., can not be despised, can not be anxious to succeed. As a scientific research is imperative. Of course, aerospace science and technology needs a perfect maturity, otherwise, will bring catastrophic consequences. Therefore, from the practical aspects of engineering technology, the rocket technology must be safe, reliable, fully mature, really feasible, can be suitable for the application of aerospace flight. This is a very important and important issue. Therefore, for practical rocket technology, the preferred must be the reality can be successfully used in the existing mature technology, rather than the opposite. Therefore, here in particular stressed that fully mature technology, other technologies are not within the practical considerations. A variety of new heavy-duty high-speed rocket technology is the great wisdom of mankind and scientists, must not be underestimated; but, from the practical practicality, the preferred technology is only mature technology.

Solid rocket

Liquid rocket

Solid - liquid mixed rocket

Single component propellant rocket

Binary liquid propellant rocket

Dual mode propellant rocket

Ternary propellant rocket

Air expansion rocket

Turbo rocket engine

The following are the same as the "

Solar heat to advance the rocket

Propellant is simply designed to be heated by solar concentrator, using hydrogen as a propellant, more than 900s, equivalent to a thermonuclear rocket used only in space because the thrust is quite low and hydrogen is not easy to store in space. If the use of slightly higher molecular weight propellant will reduce the ratio of red

Nuclear energy is the energy released by nuclear fragmentation or fusion.

2. Chemical energy is the energy change caused by the chemical reaction (atomic rearrangement combination).

The engine of the working fluid refers to the energy produced by the engine (internal combustion engine, etc.) to change the physical state of the working fluid so that the working fluid is sprayed in the opposite direction to obtain the forward propulsion force. By the momentum theorem, when the volume of the pushed body is constant, the mass of the procured material x is proportional to the forward propulsion. (Working fluid: that is, working fluid, propellant)

The new heavy-duty high-speed rocket technology is the key technology developed and developed in the world, including the United States, Russia, China, India, Europe, Japan, Brazil, the United Arab Emirates and other countries. Countries put a lot of manpower and resources, there is considerable progress, it is worth celebrating.

The new heavy-duty high-speed rocket, as long as different from the traditional chemical fuel rocket, as mentioned above, non-traditional chemical fuel rocket, focusing on major innovative technology research and development, which is the human and the entire aerospace science and technology is an important breakthrough.

From Earth to the Moon, Mars, Jupiter or its planet, rocket technology is the first important. Non-traditional chemical fuel high-speed heavy-duty rocket technology, mainly on the aerospace, landing, landing Mars and so great significance, at the same time, for other areas, such as aircraft, missiles and other development is no trivial matter, can not be underestimated. High-speed heavy-duty rockets, first of all on the moon is also very important. It takes only a few days for mankind to travel to the moon, the human lunar tour, the establishment of the moon village, the transformation of the moon, the moon - the transport between the earth and so on. Costs are greatly reduced and reduced. Can meet each other in the next 100 - 200 years, Can meet each other in the next 100 - 200 years, the moon first human migration, not a few people, but hundreds, thousands, followed by Mars. Human beings use the technology to emigrate the moon is now ready, Mars is far away. Then there is a lot of money into the problem. Moon investment and Mars investment is not the same, the tens of billions of dollars can be hundreds of billions; and Mars's comprehensive investment may be a few trillion or tens of trillion several hundred trillion. Investment is too high, low returns, high risk is the key reason. Some people say that the natural environment of Mars is better than the moon, in fact, each has its own length. At this stage the practical significance and the use of value, the value of the moon may be far more than Mars. The late value of Mars, of course, can not be ignored.

The development of new heavy rocket, nothing more than the traditional chemical fuel rocket and non-traditional chemical fuel rocket. Traditional chemical rocket technology has been a few hundred years, mature, and widely used in various countries, such as aerospace engineering and military engineering. Non-traditional chemical rockets also have many precedents and achievements, the front has been briefly described. High-speed heavy-duty non-traditional chemical fuel rocket technology is the most important frontier of modern science and technology, such as nuclear rockets, rockets, ion rockets, laser rockets, solar rockets, rockless rocket, etc., breaking the limits of rocket technology, Great difficulty, of course, is also extremely unattainable. Chemical energy, heat, nuclear energy, electricity, wind energy and other use and conversion, is the key to research and development. At the same time, it does not exclude the development of new propulsion devices. But the current human technology and the limits of wisdom, the original intention, it seems difficult to achieve. This is the difficulty of this technological breakthrough, many research and test results are not ideal or slow progress or failure. The main reason (1). Traditional jet chemistry (chemical energy) combustion chemical thrust and new thrust can not be effectively connected. For example, the transformation of nuclear energy, solar energy, electricity conversion and so on. (2. Aerospace engineering and general technical engineering of the particularity, nuclear submarine nuclear nuclear reactor nuclear reactor can be used to transform nuclear energy, and in extremely limited rocket body use of nuclear energy conversion difficulties, conditions limitations; chemical and nuclear energy, combustion chemistry and nuclear chemistry (3). Regardless of the use of thrust or counter-thrust, it is difficult to achieve saturation on high-speed heavy-duty rockets. (4) Various special limitations of space navigation. (5) Existing fuels (7) other factors. Rocket flying at high altitude, its structural structure must be suitable for flying in the air, that is, it is impossible in a small limited size of the body is too large to build a large number of rocket launchers. Complex electromechanical system reserve system conversion system, the use of space is extremely limited.Based on the above reasons, the dual engine high-speed heavy-duty non-traditional chemical fuel rocket, propulsion system using twin-engine thrust structure, the traditional chemical rocket propulsion and new non-traditional chemistry Rocket propulsion closely linked to the overall design, and is divided into primary and secondary primary and secondary, nuclear micro-reactor and solar concentrator integrated technology integration, including traditional chemical advance, miniaturization integration, modular, machine, to save space, Nuclear power and chemical energy to a certain proportion of the chemical fuel warehouse to reduce more than half of the effective space greatly expanded rocket launch rely on chemical fuel into the outer space flight, automatically switch to non-chemical propulsion can also be used in both compatibility, Interchangeability, reliability, interlocking micro-nuclear reactor module integration, solar concentrator board, and other auxiliary propulsion systems, etc. Micro-core reactor module with secondary encapsulation technology and special safety protection technology Core technology: Conversion system - Control system - Fuel system - emergency system - self-help system - interlock system - etc. Core components: A miniature reactor - conversion device - jet (other auxiliary equipment, etc.) B. Solar panels - solar energy conversion (auxiliary equipment) C. Chemical fuel - Chemical rocket engine - nozzle, etc., this is not described in detail

Dual-engine high-speed heavy-duty rocket technology for the series of rockets, mainly multi-engine rocket engine and auxiliary flight propulsion combined combination switch, the implementation of interstellar space in the ultra-long-range heavy-duty high-speed flight, the traditional chemical fuel greatly reduced, instead From other propulsion devices and power. The so-called twin-engine rocket is not a simple mix of rocket engine propellers, but the combination of new propulsion and traditional propulsion eccentricity, the main advance is not a chemical advance, which is a major improvement in traditional chemical rocket technology, Heavy, chemical fuel configuration greatly reduced, therefore, the rocket structure will be a major change. Advancing mainly rely on a variety of propulsion devices, chemical engine to become auxiliary to promote. Super long distance heavy load continuous flight, the main and vice forward is very critical. Nuclear propulsion, solar and chemical energy optimization. (At present, there are many such studies, but the arrival technology is complete and mature yet). Furthermore, the main and auxiliary propulsion of the close combination and switching, in the interstellar flight is essential. Especially fly to Mars, Jupiter and other planets, the advantages of the twin-engine rocket is more obvious, ultra-long distance continuous flight, no need to add fuel, heavy load, rocket fuel tank storage to reduce, more chemical fuel safety, speed, Can be partially recovered or fully recovered. The overall design of the rocket and the overall technology conform to the equivalent of the aerospace specification. Moreover, the rocket security technology, technical redundancy, there are many breakthroughs. For example, first aid technology, radiation protection technology, self-help technology, emergency automatic return technology, and interstellar flight warning technology, machine integration technology, module assembly technology, automatic control, semi-automatic control, manual control, technical reserves, switching technology, Integration technology, and so have a new design. (Of course, many have been repeatedly verified the use of complete sets of technology, etc., to ensure that the rocket flight safe and reliable). In order to reduce the mechanical and electrical accidents such as the whole, the design uses seamless docking design, compact structure, double lock, try to avoid too much cumbersome structure, as much as possible to reduce their weight, and other technical measures and special technical means to deal with. Major equipment and technology are basically two-way design. But it is not a spacecraft, because the difficulty and risk of flying in space is far greater than the ocean voyage, so, to be simple, compact, light, easy to repair and maintenance. Especially in the event of an accidental emergency response system, with spare emergency return cabin (Rocket spacecraft automatic return capsule). Engine structure. B. Control structure. C. Fuel structure. D auxiliary structure. A Linkage switch structure. F. ancillary structure. G. Other structures and so on. Here mainly discusses the main structural part of the rocket, the other slightly. Natural, high-speed heavy-duty rocket machine parts, parts, parts a lot, versatility, interchangeability, compatibility, special nature, need special manufacturing. Especially the core components, the core structure is particularly important. Dual-engine high-speed heavy-duty rocket is mainly used as a long-range space flight heavy-duty rocket technology - the main role of transport. Deep space exploration of interstellar flight is the main feature. Of course, can also serve as its use, such as spacecraft and so on. For example, the human landing on Mars, rocket spacecraft can be loaded Mars landing cabin, etc., no longer elaborate. Here, focus on non-traditional chemical fuel heavy rocket design and development and other key issues. Fantasy step by step technology is unrealistic, can only be honest step by step forward. It is difficult to develop high-speed heavy-duty non-traditional chemical rockets, and each time they need to pay a great price.

As mentioned above, the twin-engine rocket does not exclude the traditional chemical rocket technology, in fact, the traditional chemical rocket technology is more mature, widely used, for example, the United States on the moon, the former Soviet Union Gagarin fly out of the Earth, the International Space Station, China Detection, etc., the traditional chemical rocket played a very important role, and irreplaceable. No traditional chemical rocket, lunar landing, flying out of the earth is simply a dream. This has already been mentioned earlier. However, science and technology is endless, aerospace technology is bound to continue to advance, rocket technology is bound to continue to develop innovation, otherwise, can only be marking time. Human landing on Mars difficult, which requires innovation and development, steady progress. Chemical rocket can not give up, at the same time, try to develop new high-speed heavy-duty rocket is the key. Rocket technology innovation, or sooner or later will produce. As the ancients overlooking the moon and can not enter, the US astronauts successfully lunar month, history suddenly flew for thousands of years. A few decades later, said the conservative point, hundreds of years later, a few centuries later, the people on Earth and then look at the moon, Mars, then, the moon, Mars has been past, may be thousands, tens of thousands People, or hundreds of thousands of aliens in and we earth man waving call. This is not a scientific fairy tale, but a long time in the real world. This is one of the important reasons why we have repeatedly studied the manufacture of twin-engine high-speed heavy-duty rockets.

Science and technology research and development experiments need a warm and lasting progress. The power of the day is nothing but fantasy. The development of the traditional rocket has gone through several hundred years, the computer development has also experienced nearly a hundred years only today's brilliant. Therefore, continuous research, continuous failure, continuous innovation, to be successful. Non-traditional high-speed heavy-duty chemical rocket "Deh-RD-MT."

Development is also true.

Zilkovsky is a student of rocket technology and space flight research.

Dr. Goddard began researching modern rockets in 1010. In 1919, he proposed the mathematical principles of rocket flight, pointing out that the rocket must have a speed of 7.9km / s to overcome the gravity of the earth. He realized that the liquid propellant rocket had great potential. In March 1926 he succeeded in developing and launching the world's first liquid propellant rocket with a flight speed of 103km / h, an ascending height of 12.5 meters and a flight distance of 56 meters. This is the rocket really started. Despite the limited, after all, is the first to open up the way people really use the rocket.

Professor Obert in his book published in 1923 not only established the basic principles of the rocket working in the vacuum of space, but also that the rocket as long as enough to produce enough thrust, will be able to fly around the Earth orbit. Like Zilkovsky and Goddard, he has conducted extensive research on the combination of many propellants.

The appearance of the real modern rocket was in Germany during the Second World War. As early as 1932 Germany launched A2 rocket, flying height of 3 km. October 1942 launch successful V-2 rocket (A4), flying height of 85 km, the flight distance of 190 km. V-2 rocket launch success, the theory of space pioneer into reality, is an important chapter in the history of modern rocket technology. Germany developed the initial rocket, quite a great achievement.

-The structure of the universe --- the structure of the particles - the structure of life (human special high-level wisdom of life form) - natural universe eternal great topic (FangRuida)



What is the structure of the galaxy outside the galaxy

Human vision and observable cosmic spatial homogeneity and heterogeneity

Overview of the cosmic panorama

Macro universe

Microcosmic universe

Elements and particles

Galaxies dust particles "black hole" "white hole", dark matter, big bang, steady state and variants of antimatter between objects of cosmic stars

Interplanetary interplanetary interlocking mechanism of space interplanetary space cosmic space network intermodal network basic expression

Super universe super - super - interstellar material super - interstellar structure functional network

Gravitational gravitational field gravitational wave cosmic kinetic energy

The initial state of the universe, the final state and the basic modal mathematical expression

Particle initial state, final state and basic expression, mathematical expression


 * Substance - species - organic matter - inorganic - intermediate life generation and evolution of the basic conditions of life

Animal-animal evolution of the various options - monkey to human evolution of the spontaneous combustion of the particularity and inevitability of the long evolutionary process, a variety of evolutionary species of competition and natural selection of human evolution of the particularity


 * In the natural universe the universality of particles and substances produced by the inevitability of spontaneous combustion of animal life and evolution of the objectivity and natural life in the universe of necessity and particularity of advanced intelligence life and low-level extreme microbial survival


 * Super-spin - super-dynamic - super-spin - super-spin vector - ultra-polar field --- the basic static static, dynamic mode

Silver ball heart

Helical arm man - bottom arm ▪ shield - south cross arm ▪ ruler - swan arm ▪ angel arm ▪ hunting arm

Silver halo silver crown

. Kepler's third law: T2 / R3 = K (= 4π2 / GM) {R: orbital radius, T: period, K: constant (independent of the mass of the planet, depending on the quality of the center celestial body)}

2. Gravitational law: F = Gm1m2 / r2 (G = 6.67 × 10-11N? M2 / kg2, the direction of their connection)

3. Gravitational and gravitational acceleration: GMm / R2 = mg; g = GM / R2 {R: celestial radius (m), M: celestial mass (kg)}

(GM / r3) 1/2; T = 2π (r3 / GM) 1/2 {M: center celestial mass }

The first (second, third) cosmic velocity V1 = (g = r) 1/2 = (GM / r) 1/2 = 7.9km / s; V2 = 11.2km / s; V3 = 16.7km / S

6. Earth Synchronous satellite GMm / (r = h4) = 2, m4π2 (r = h) / T2 {h ≈ 36000km, h: height from the Earth's surface, r: radius of the earth}

Cosmic physics, physical cosmology, cosmology, gravity and relativity: general theory of relativity; astrophysical relativity. (2) classical cosmology: isotropic universe; gravitational lens; age and distance scale. (3) Quantum field basis: quantum mechanics and relativity; quantum field theory; standard model. (D) early universe: hot big bang; topological loss; expansion cosmology. (5) observing cosmology: matter in the universe; galaxies and their evolution; running galaxies. (6) galaxy formation and formation: structural formation dynamics; cosmic density field; galaxy formation; cosmic background ups and downs

Launching the Nebula The Lagoon Nebula ▪ North America Nebula

Reflecting Nebula Variation Nebula ▪ Diffuse Nebula ▪ Witch Nebula

Dark Nebula Coal Bag Nebula ▪ Horse Head Nebula ▪ Dark Horse Nebula

Spider Cluster Butterfly Cluster ▪ Butterfly Cluster ▪ M52 ▪ Pleiades Cluster

Globular cluster Centaurus ▪ Rhododendron 47 ▪ M5 ▪ M19 ▪ M54 ▪ M75 ▪ M80 ▪ Paloma 5 ▪ Paloma 12

Star Alliance OB Star Association ▪ T Star Association ▪ R Star Association

Ant Nebula ▪ Eskimo Nebula ▪ Spiral Nebula ▪ Respirator Nebula ▪ Hourglass Nebula ▪ NGC 3132

Sagittarius Stellar Clouds ▪ Magellan Star Streams ▪ Centaurus Dwarf Galaxy ▪ Kirin Seat Ring ▪ Virgo Star Stream ▪

Gould band ▪ Local bubble ▪ The interstellar cloud

Evolution of the concept of elements The oldest philosophers believe that all the material is composed of a few elements that are air, soil, fire, water, and some that the element is the four most primitive properties (heat, Cold, dry, wet) constitute a combination of all things. The first scientific definition for the chemical element is the British R. In 1661, he pointed out in the book "The Paintist Chemist" that "they (elements) should be something that is not made up of any other substance or that is composed of the original and the simplest ";" Should be some of the nature of a certain, real, can be perceived in kind, with the general chemical method can not be broken down into some of the more simple kind. " With the emergence of atomic theory and atomic structure theory, it is clear that the main factors that determine the nature of chemical elements are the number of electrons outside the nucleus and the number of nuclear charges have elucidated the modern definition of the essence of elements: "the same kind of atoms with the same nuclear charge The general name. "

The origin of the chemical element {the origin of the chemical element and the evolution of the particle-cosmic structure are closely related. Regardless of physics, regardless of chemistry, physical chemistry, chemical physics, particle structure, element origin, cosmic origin, often connected together. Although the scope of the study is different, but the link is very tight. Vertical profile, cross-section, three-dimensional profile, multi-dimensional perspective study to understand its mystery. Before the production of various chemical elements and the generation of particles change can not be completely separated. That is, one of the issues of particular importance to cosmic physics and cosmic chemistry. }

"The proton fusion and neutron capture are two main processes in the formation of chemical elements in the universe." This hypothesis holds that all elements of the universe originate from hydrogen, which is very high (Lithium, boron, beryllium, etc.), this process is proton fusion, followed by the formation of heavy nuclei, the first is helium, followed by light elements (lithium, boron, beryllium, etc.) Helium atoms bombard the elements of the light element, it will produce neutrons, these neutrons are light element nucleus capture, the formation of heavier elements, from carbon, nitrogen, iron until the atomic number of 82 and 83 lead and bismuth, This process is neutron capture. The two elements of the process of generating elements still continue within the stars.

There are only a few chemical elements present in the free state in the crust, such as oxygen, nitrogen, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon, sulfur, copper, silver, gold and platinum. Most chemical elements are present in the form of compounds (oxides, sulfides, oxides). Spectral analysis of the sun and planets and analysis of meteorite components show that the most abundant element in the universe is hydrogen. Of course, scientific research is endless, for the solar system chemistry, galactic chemistry, river galaxies chemistry research will continue to progress, chemical elements of the new discovery, cosmic chemical composition will continue to be later refresh. There are too many unknowns in large-scale universes that humans have not yet detected and perceived, and even known numbers are filled with variables that will not be fixed.

The Milky Way is the solar system where the solar system is located, including 1500 to 400 billion stars and a large number of stars, nebulae, and various types of interstellar and interstellar dust, black holes, and its total mass is 210 billion times the mass of the sun.

Outer galaxies are outside the Milky Way, composed of a large number of stars, but because of the distance, in the appearance of the performance of the fuzzy spots, which is also known as "river nebula." People have observed about 1 billion galaxies similar to the Milky Way. According to their shape and structure, can be divided into: spiral galaxies, rods galaxies, elliptical galaxies and irregular galaxies. It is estimated that the total number of galaxies outside the river in more than 100 billion. (Wikipedia website, Wikipedia)

Outside the galaxy - the total galaxy (the breadth of the universe): the naked eye and the unobtrusive galaxy outside the galaxy, the total galaxy range: planets, celestial bodies, interstellar material, dust, nebula, clusters, galaxies, black holes. The The The The The The The The Etc., etc. {Astrophysics, celestial chemistry, cosmic physics, cosmic chemistry, galactic physics, galactic chemistry, extraterrestrial galaxies physics, extraterrestrial galaxies chemistry The The The The The The The In any case, for human beings, how the extraterrestrial galaxies and the extraterrestrial galaxies are directly connected to the galaxy and the universe are very important. The chemical abundance of the universe, the physical homogeneity or heterogeneity of the universe, is essential for the astronomy cosmology science. The extraterrestrial galaxies and the total galaxies need great exploration and exploration of human beings, but it is very difficult. Theoretical hypotheses can be created, but this does not represent the true universe of the whole picture. In fact, regardless of the solar system, galaxies, galaxies, clusters, galaxies, extraterrestrial galaxies, interstellar material, nebula, black hole --- and so on, many changes in physical chemistry, and difficult to be recognized by human beings, or Is mysterious and mysterious so many unknowns. Crack these mysteries, it is not easy.

Interstellar chemistry: It is also important to observe and confirm astronomical molecules (cosmic chemistry, astrophysics, cosmic chemistry, interstellar chemistry, and so on, involving all aspects of the chemical universe.) As with cosmic physics, cosmic chemistry is extremely important, Moon Science, Lunar Chemistry, Mars Chemistry, Geochemistry, Galaxy Chemistry, Hetai Galaxy Chemical Physics, etc.).

Cosmic chemistry is divided into several aspects according to celestial bodies and research methods: meteorite chemistry: the chemical composition of various meteorites. Planetary chemistry: studies the chemical composition and chemical evolution of planets (including earth), satellites, asteroids, meteoroids, comets, and interplanetary substances;

Stellar Chemistry: Study the chemical composition of stars and their chemical evolution. The sun is the nearest star from the people, and accounts for 99.86% of the total mass of the solar system. Therefore, solar chemistry is of great significance to the study of stars and the solar system.

Interstellar chemistry: the main observation and identification of interstellar molecules, to study their formation and disintegration; other chemical branches and cutting-edge research, and so on.

 particles - the beginning of the super-particles

 The beginning and ending of the universe

 the end of the species

 The outcome and evolution of animals and advanced wisdom

 Survival and development of rare species and high intelligence in the solar system

 Earth - Moon - Mars - Jupiter - Venus - Mercury - Saturn Jupiter in the solar system in the special status and significant role

Galactic structure and basic structure

 Galaxy outside the universe of large scale cosmic small scale universe

 the reality and possibility of human migration on the moon, Mars and other stars

 The basic outline of the future world planet society The basic survival mode of the planet society Survival Mo Modes Planetary society management and operation Planetary society interpersonal relationship Planetary society Basic framework Planetary society Natural selection (500 - 1000 years time, 5-10 The process of the century or longer)

 human flying out of the solar system, can survive in the Galaxy? Galaxy Planet Can humans survive

 human nature and social properties of evolutionary genetic and variation

 planet and the collapse of the universe after the collapse of the destruction of the universe is all gone, everything is empty, completely back to the origin?

 Natural science, natural philosophy - philosophy and social sciences, permanent subjects, constantly refreshing the natural study of great philosophy or natural philosophy can not replace the most realistic existence of natural science research and detection of various discoveries. And even if any major scientific discovery will inevitably be a slightest flaw or fallacy. Thus, the understanding of understanding the universe, the material - the particle - life, requires constant innovation and continuous development. Zeus, God of War, the moon, and gradually be recognized by human understanding. Tens of millions of years later, if the human beings still exist, we will today's awareness and discovery as a laughing stock or joke, as far away from the ancient ancient culture of ancient ancient.