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Glioma

 * 15.Jul.06 - Toxicity is acceptable at the current doses of erlotinib plus RT
 * 15.Nov.05 - Cognitive function was stable after RT in supratentorial low-grade gliomas evaluated prospectively during 3 years of follow-up.

Trigeminal Neuralgia

 * 15.Jul.06 - The use of plugs to protect the brainstem during GKR treatment for TN increases the dose of irradiation delivered to the intracisternal trigeminal nerve root and is associated with an important increase in the incidence of trigeminal nerve dysfunction.

Orbit

 * 15.Jul.06 - Brachytherapy using 106Ru plaques is a highly efficient therapy with excellent local tumor control and an acceptable incidence of side effects.
 * 15.Nov.05 - Fractionated proton radiotherapy is superior to 3D conformal photon radiation in the treatment of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma.

H&N

 * 15.Jul.06 - Paraganglioma. External-beam RT and SRS are safe and effective for enlarging and/or symptomatic paragangliomas.
 * 15.Jul.06 - Conventional head-and-neck radiotherapy is associated with substantial functional deficits and diminished HR-QOL.
 * 15.Jul.06 - Patients with early hypopharyngeal cancer tended to have a good prognosis after radical RT. However, second malignancies had an adverse effect on the overall outcomes of patients with early hypopharyngeal cancer.
 * 15.Jul.06 - PI/II. Concurrent docetaxel/concomitant boost radiation and surgery after induction chemotherapy in poor prognosis patients yields good local regional control and survival.
 * 15.Jul.06 - Prevertebral muscle involvement is an independent prognostic factor for NPC recurrence.
 * 15.Jul.06 - Use of FDG-PET was found to influence the salvage treatment decision making for locally persistent NPC by identifying patients who were not likely to benefit from additional treatment and by improving accuracy of GTV definition in salvage treatment planning.
 * 15.Nov.05 - PIII. Amifostine administration during head-and-neck RT reduces the severity and duration of xerostomia 2 years after treatment and does not seem to compromise locoregional control rates, progression-free survival, or overall survival.
 * 15.Nov.05 - Retrospective. For patients who have no evidence of residual lymphadenopathy and a negative FDG PET scan 12 weeks after definitive radiation, neck dissection can be safely withheld. Even in cases in which small residual lymphadenopathy was observed, regional recurrences have not occurred when the post-RT PET scan was negative and neck dissection was withheld. For patients with large residual lymphadenopathy (greater than 2.0–3.0 cm in size) but a negative post-RT FDG PET, further studies with longer follow-up are necessary to determine the appropriateness of withholding neck dissection.
 * 15.Nov.05 - Regarding target volumes, acceptable plans can be generated with either WF-IMRT or HB-IMRT. WF-IMRT has an advantage if uncertainty at the match line is a concern, whereas HB-IMRT, particularly in cases not involving the base of tongue, can achieve much lower doses to the larynx.
 * 15.Nov.05 - Stimulated flow measurements using Lashley cups, with a complication defined as flow ≤25% of the preradiotherapy output, correlated best with the mean parotid gland dose. When reduction of the mean dose to the parotid gland is intended, the stimulated flow measurement is the best method for evaluating parotid gland function.
 * 15.Nov.05 - Radiation appears to cause carotid artery stenosis. There may be a dose threshold for carotid wall changes, which has relevance for radiotherapy in several tumor sites.

NSCLC

 * 15.Jul.06 - This retrospective analysis identified KPS and weight loss as the most important prognostic factors of outcome in patients with early-stage NSCLC treated with hyperfractionation (1.2 Gy BID to 69.6 Gy) radiation therapy.
 * 15.Jul.06 - PI. RT dose escalation of weekly carboplatin/paclitaxel. The MTD was 74 Gy.
 * 15.Jul.06 - Patterns of failure after resection of non–small-cell lung cancer. Most common was bronchial stump/staple line
 * 15.Jul.06 - Proton treatment appears to reduce dose to normal tissues significantly, even with dose escalation (up to 87.5 Gy), compared with standard-dose photon therapy, either 3D-CRT or IMRT.
 * 15.Jul.06 - Dose escalation 69-103 Gy. With long-term follow-up for toxicity, we have demonstrated that much higher doses of radiation than are traditionally administered can be safely delivered to a majority of patients with NSCLC.
 * 15.Nov.05 - PI. Stereotactis BS. MTD T1 >60 Gy, MTD T2 72 Gy for tumors >5cm
 * 15.Nov.05 - PET/CT radiation treatment planning is a useful tool resulting in modification of GTV in 52% and improvement of interobserver variability up to 84%.
 * 15.Nov.05 - With the advent of in-room soft-tissue imaging techniques such as megavoltage CT imaging with a helical tomotherapy unit, daily documentation of the status of a grossly visible targeted tumor becomes possible. The current study demonstrated that tumor regression can be documented for patients with non–small-cell lung cancer treated with helical tomotherapy.
 * 15.Nov.05 - The response by conventional response criteria (CR/PR) correlated strongly with improved overall survival and progression-free survival and an increasing percentage of decrease in tumor size resulted in a reduction in the risk of death.
 * 15.Nov.05 - PII. Induction chemotherapy with gemcitabine and vinorelbine followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy 63 Gy with etoposide and cisplatin showed very promising survival in patients with Stage III NSCLC, especially in those without supraclavicular nodal involvement

Mesothelioma

 * 15.Nov.05 - Retrospective. Pleurectomy/decortication with adjuvant radiotherapy is not an effective treatment option for patients with MPM. Our results imply that residual disease cannot be eradicated with external RT with or without brachytherapy and that a more extensive surgery followed by external RT might be required to improve local control and overall survival.

Breast

 * 15.Jul.06 - Sequential high doses of epirubicin, preceded by dexrazoxane, and paclitaxel did not adversely affect the tolerability of locoregional RT in breast cancer patients.
 * 15.Jul.06 - During external breast irradiation, many patients will have significant (>20%) volume reduction in the lumpectomy cavity.
 * 15.Jul.06 - PIII. Hyperfractionated BID RT does not reduce the risk of locoregional recurrence in patients with locally advanced breast cancer treated with chemotherapy and mastectomy compared to QD
 * 15.Jul.06 - Even in this highly selected cohort, a substantial risk of local recurrence occurred after BCS alone with margins of 1.0 cm or more. These results suggest that with the possible exception of elderly women with comorbid conditions, radiation therapy after BCS remains standard treatment.
 * 15.Nov.05 - This ex-ante cost evaluation of internal mammary-medial supraclavicular LN chain RT showed that the upfront costs of locoregional RT are easily compensated for by avoiding the costs of treating locoregional and distant relapse at a later stage.
 * 15.Nov.05 - Retrospective. Stage I/II treated with BCT +/- systemic chemo. LVI was the strongest independent prognostic factor for OS, DFS, and local recurrence, irrespective of nodal status and systemic adjuvant treatment. Although LVI may not be a contraindication for BCT, as has been proposed by certain groups, it is necessary to define its role in prospective studies in determining local and systemic treatment.

Esophagus

 * 15.Jul.06 - PI/II. Our findings failed to demonstrate an improvement in pCR or survival with PFT-R (5FU/paclitaxel/RT) vs. PF-R (5FU/cisplatin) in locally advanced esophageal CA.
 * 15.Nov.05 - Pathologic response of an initially highly metabolic tumor after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy could be correlated with the metabolic response, and FDG-PET can provide additional information on tumor response to chemoradiotherapy.

Liver

 * 15.Nov.05 - Lymph node metastasis from HCC is sensitive to EBRT. EBRT with 25 fractions of 2 Gy is an effective palliative treatment for patients with LN metastases from HCC presenting with good performance status and may prolong overall survival.

Pancreas

 * 15.Nov.05 - IORT is well tolerated and does not increase the morbidity or mortality of potentially curative surgical resection for pancreatic or periampullary adenocarcinoma.

Rectum

 * 15.Jul.06 - We propose to include the primary tumor, the mesorectal subsite, and the posterior pelvic subsite in the CTV in all patients. Moreover, the lateral lymph nodes are at high risk for microscopic involvement and should also be added in the CTV.

Prostate

 * 15.Jul.06 - With reliable dose data available in the operating room, our results question the need for routine postimplant dose studies.
 * 15.Jul.06 - Intrarectal amifostine. This trial suggests greater rectal radioprotection from acute effects with 2 g vs. 1 g amifostine suspension.
 * 15.Jul.06 - For prostate cancer with ECE, the median linear distance of ECE was 2.4 mm and occurred primarily posterolaterally (along neurovascular bundle). Although only 5% of patients demonstrate ECE >4 to 5 mm beyond the capsule, this risk may exceed 20% in patients with PSA ≥10 ng/ml and biopsy Gleason score ≥7.
 * 15.Jul.06 - Anemia is a common side effect of NAST and is usually mild. Hb levels, however, do not predict biochemical control or survival.
 * 15.Jul.06 - Neoadjuvant HT and hypofractionation (52.5 Gy in 20 fxs). Not good.
 * 15.Jul.06 - New risk groups for >70Gy
 * 15.Jul.06 - Biochemical failure now defined as (1) a rise by 2 ng/mL or more above the nadir PSA be considered the standard definition for biochemical failure after EBRT with or without HT; (2) the date of failure be determined “at call” (not backdated)
 * 15.Nov.05 - Cone Beam CT scans are suitable for automatic online and offline position verification of the prostate, as long as the amount of nonstationary gas is limited.
 * 15.Nov.05 - A volume effect was found for acute GI toxicity for relative, as well as absolute, volumes. With regard to acute GU toxicity, an area effect was found, but only for absolute dose–surface histogram parameters. Neoadjuvant HT appeared to be an independent prognostic factor for acute toxicity, resulting in less acute GI toxicity, but more acute GU toxicity. The presence of pretreatment GU symptoms was the most important prognostic factor for GU symptoms during RT.
 * 15.Nov.05 - Retrospective. Hypofractionated carbon ion radiotherapy with the established dose fractionation regimen yielded satisfactory bNED without local recurrence and with minimal morbidity.

Cervix

 * 15.Nov.05 - No difference was found in severe late toxicity, overall survival, or disease-free survival between the LDR and PDR groups.
 * 15.Nov.05 - Patterns of BT care 1996-1999
 * 15.Nov.05 - Overexpression of iNOS or COX-2 or both was associated with decreased survival and a greater propensity to metastasize in cervical cancer patients treated with radiotherapy.

Endometrium

 * 15.Jul.06 - Extended-field IMRT is safe and effective with a low incidence of acute toxicity.
 * 15.Nov.05 - Medically inoperable Stage I endometrial carcinoma may be safely and effectively treated with HDRB as the primary therapy. In selected Stage I patients (MRI Dx, BT>30Gy, our results are equivalent to that of surgery.

Ovary

 * 15.Nov.05 - In carefully selected patients with locally recurrent ovarian cancer, combined IORT and tumor reductive surgery is reasonably tolerated and may contribute to achieving local control and disease palliation.

Pelvis

 * 15.Nov.05 - CT based LNs marked
 * 15.Nov.05 - Conformal four-field planning with individually optimized PTVs (D) resulted in only moderate tissue complication probabilities in both kidneys with the advantage of providing significantly greater inclusion of potentially involved para-aortic LNs in comparison to accepted standard procedures (A and C).

Hodgkin's Lymphoma

 * 15.Nov.05 - EORTC 20884. In advanced-stage HL patients in complete remission after six to eight cycles of MOPP-ABV, the outcome was not influenced by violation of the radiotherapy protocol (24 Gy to all initially involved nodal areas, 16–24 Gy to all initially involved extranodal sites.)

NHL

 * 15.Jul.06 - Radiation therapy should be considered early in the course of relapsing, refractory, or localized MCL.

Leukemia

 * 15.Nov.05 - ALL. Patients who present with hematologic disease only at the time of HSCT have a low risk of CNS recurrence after TBI regardless of the use of a cranial boost, suggesting that a cranial boost may not be necessary in these patients.

Peds

 * 15.Jul.06 - RS is safe and effective in pediatric cerebral AVM with high obliteration rates.
 * 15.Jul.06 - A reduced dose of 36-Gy EBRT after delayed GTR may maximize local control while minimizing long-term sequelae for very young children with RMS, but unresectable tumors (e.g., parameningeal) require higher doses.
 * 15.Nov.05 - Radiation-induced osteosarcomas in the pediatric population

H&N

 * 15.Nov.05 - The potential advantage of radioactive 9C-ion beam in cancer therapy has been revealed at low dose rate in comparison with a therapeutic 12C beam. This observation, however, remains to be investigated at therapeutic dose rates in the future.

Lung

 * 15.Nov.05 - A combination of radiotherapy and OGX-011 (anti-clusterin) improved control of tumor growth and vascular regression in the H460 lung cancer model.

Rectum

 * 15.Nov.05 - Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) sensitizes CT26 colorectal adenocarcinoma to IR, which may be via depleting GSH and inhibiting NF-κB activity, without toxicity to bone marrow, liver, and kidney. Pretreatment with CAPE neither affected body weights nor produced hepatic, renal, or hematopoietic toxicity.

Prostate

 * 15.Nov.05 - These data indicate that phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase inhibition increases sensitivity of prostate cancer cell lines to ionizing radiation through inactivation of protein kinase B (PKB). Therefore, PTEN mutations, which lead to PKB activation, may play an important role in the resistance of prostate cancer to radiation therapy. Targeted therapy against PKB could be beneficial in the management of prostate cancer patients.
 * 15.Nov.05 - It may be advantageous to give adjuvant EBRT shortly (∼1 to 2 days) after commencement of clinical LDR brachytherapy, when the pO2 in the spatial regions between seeds should be elevated. If chemotherapy is given adjuvantly, it may best be administered just a little later (∼3 or 4 days) after the start of LDR brachytherapy, when perfusion should be elevated.

Seminoma

 * 15.Nov.05 - Most partial body irradiated patients (testicular seminoma) showed a significant temporal decline of translocation frequencies during a 36-month period. Thus, reciprocal translocations after partial body irradiation cannot be regarded as stable over time. The temporal decline of aberration frequencies has to be taken into account for retrospective dose estimations.

Prostate

 * 15.Nov.05 - Relative to skeletal anatomy, nodes covered a diffuse volume from the mid lumbar spine to the superior pubic ramus and along the sacrum and pelvic side walls. In contrast, the nodal metastases mapped much more tightly relative to the large pelvic vessels. A proposed pelvic clinical target volume to encompass the region at greatest risk of containing occult nodal metastases would include a 2.0-cm radial expansion volume around the distal common iliac and proximal external and internal iliac vessels that would encompass 94.5% of the pelvic nodes at risk as defined by our node-positive prostate cancer patient cohort.

Cervix

 * 15.Nov.05 - Compared with conventional dose prescription methods, inverse planning simulated annealing (IPSA) provides a consistent method of optimization that maintains or improves target coverage while decreasing dose to normal structures. Image-guided brachytherapy and inverse planning improve brachytherapy dosimetry.