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= Education system of China =

Introduction
China’s education system is quite old and the term “school” was first introduced by the Shang and Zhou dynasties. The main emphasis is put on memorization and test preparation which were noted by other countries. Numerous highly regarded universities in China provide an array of degree programs unique to Asia. Their institutions are becoming more well-known around the world as a result, and their international university rankings are improving. China has made significant investments in its educational system recently.

Classification of the Chinese education system
Pre-school or kindergarten, age 3-5 Primary education until 1st grade, ages- 6-10

Elementary education until 6th grade to 8th grade, ages- 11-14

Secondary education 9th and 10th grades, ages 15-16

Higher secondary 11th and 12th grades, ages 17-18

Higher education, ages 18-22

Pros and cons of the Chinese education system
Affordable cost for education. China’s education is considered to be less expensive in comparison with other countries such as the USA, Europe, and Canada. This advantage provides international students with the opportunity to pursue higher education with affordable living costs. Culture of respecting teachers. Another great perk of the Chinese education system is the high respect towards teachers and professors. Usually, we find students listening to their teachers very attentively and intently which creates respect not only in classrooms but also out in public.

The opportunity to have short breaks during the day. In schools, students are provided with a 15-minute break to relax and reduce stress. Moreover, it is possible to go home and have lunch with family members and rest up before coming back to school.

Lack of collaborations. Chinese lessons and exams are quite strict and you are expected to be evaluated through individual work. Conversely, current methodologies offer more group work and encourage exchanging opinions during classes.

A small number of teachers. In many schools, students reach 30 or 50 in every class and only one teacher. This is because teachers do not have time to teach individually. Moreover, students are expected to do self-study more than guided explanations by teachers. Consequently, students have to address their peers if some questions appear about tasks. Another disadvantage of this system is one teacher is supposed to stay in one classroom for years which can lead to monotonous lessons.

Creativity is not a top requirement. Unfortunately, China puts more emphasis on logic and memorization rather than creativity. That is why Chinese students are advanced in the fields like mathematics and science. Students are overloaded with tons of assignments to complete that they have no time to focus on other learnings. Additionally, they are encouraged to work hard because this is how they are used to learn.

Interesting facts about the Chinese education
China’s literacy rate is 95.1% Male literacy rate is 97.5%

Female literacy rate is 92.7%

Young generation's literacy rate is 99.4%

9 years of education is free and compulsory in China

An individual at the age of 15 should read and write

Calculators are not allowed to be used by students, so Chinese children are good at math

Curriculum in China is considered to be one of the hardest

Exams in China
There are several examinations in China but the toughest and the most essential one is Gaokao which defines the future of students. Because a score gained during this exam determines what university or college these students will be admitted. According to William Goldstick (n.d), 3 out of 5 students who attend Gaokao exams pass the examination and according to the territory, this exam is of unequal strength. The survey showed that students who live in rural areas have less access and poor-quality preparation than students who live in urban areas. Because they have easier and faster access to the internet, books, and computers whereas those who live far away do not get the same opportunities. The Gaokao test is very significant for graduating seniors all around China, whether in rural or metropolitan locations. Author Boy De Mente describes the significance and pressure of the Gaokao examination in his book, "The Chinese have a Word for it: The Complete Guide to Chinese thought and Culture," and how it "separates the young people of China into two profoundly distinct categories": those who fail the test become blue-collar workers, and those who pass the test become white-collar workers. We might infer from De Mente's comment on the Gaokao examination how significant and under pressure it is for students all around China. There are only two ways for students from rural areas of China to move to the city: enlist in the military or successfully complete the Gaokao exam to enroll in a college or university there. Yang Dongping of the Beijing Institute of Technology explains the issues with the disparity in access to education from region to region in an article from the South China Post titled "13,000 petition to change national exam system." The authorities have promised to address the disparity in access to tertiary education from region to region. Teachers, parents, and students all recognize the significance of the Gaokao exam.

Features and elements that could be implemented in Uzbekistan's education system
Societal and family pressure. Chinese parents are stricter to their children when it comes to education. This has influenced educational reform on many different levels throughout history. The entire nation has improved its educational system, but Shanghai is in the vanguard because it has been given unique permission to test out reforms before the rest of the nation. Everyone will be interested in how these reforms were implemented given its recent ranks at the top of the PISA 2009 assessment. Constant reform of the curriculum. Another aspect of China's education system that deserves consideration is its continuing transformation. Since the early 1980s, China has implemented a number of reforms; in fact, education reform is a persistent idea.

Student engagement. Unlike Uzbek students Chinese students are very intent listeners of their teachers. It is always observed that they do not miss their classes and are eager to learn from their professors and peers.

Respect towards teachers. This happens due to the culture of China they consider a teacher for a day mean a father for a life. Teachers are wisdom guardians. Moreover, Chinese professors do not have much time and capacity to assist all students and that is why they are obliged to use the chance of teacher guidance very attentively and intently.

Conclusion.
To sum up, the Chinese education system is one of the best because it has plenty of advantages such as motivating students to work hard, calculator-free lessons, and good memorization of information that leads its youngsters to get advanced at math and science. However, it lacks creativity development and collaboration. In general, studying in China might appear to be an affordable option for foreign students.

References:
The Chinese Education System. (n.d.). Www.slideshare.net. Retrieved September 13, 2023 Goldstick, W. (n.d.). The Gaokao Examination: A shadow behind China’s educational system. Goldstick, 9.

Mcmullen, D. (n.d.). THE CHINESE EXAMINATION SYSTEM IN DYNASTIC CHINA: DID IT SELECT THE BRIGHTEST AND BEST? Sunway Academic Journal, 8, 11.

Shanghai and Hong Kong: Two Distinct Examples of Education Reform in China. (2010).

Strong PerformerS and SucceSSful ReformerS in Education: LeSSonS from PiSa for the United StateS, 33.

China Education Facts (the best school in China facts). (2022, May 6).