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Past thinkers

Jean Piaget Born on August 9, 1896, in Neuchâtel, Switzerland, became an expert on the study of mollusks by his teen years. Over the course of his later career in child psychology, he identified four stages of mental development that chronicled young people's journeys from basic object identification to highly abstract thought.

Jerome Brunner Born in October 1, 1915 he was an American psychologist who made significant contributions to human cognitive psychology and cognitive learning theory in educational psychology. Brunner is one of the pioneers of cognitive psychology in the United States, which began through his own early research on sensation and perception as being active, rather than passive processes.

John Locke Born on August 29, 1632, in Wrington, Somerset, England, he went to Westminster school and then Christ Church, University of Oxford. At Oxford he studied medicine, which would play a central role in his life. He became a highly influential philosopher, writing about such topics as political philosophy, epistemology, and education. Locke's writings helped found modern Western philosophy. In Locke's philosophy, tabula rasa was the theory that at birth the (human) mind is a "blank slate" without rules for processing data, and that data is added and rules for processing are formed solely by one's sensory experiences. The notion is central to Lockean empiricism. As understood by Locke, tabula rasa meant that the mind of the individual was born blank, and it also emphasized the freedom of individuals to author their own soul. Individuals are free to define the content of their character—but basic identity as a member of the human species cannot be altered.

John Dewey He was born October 20, 1859, in Burlington, Vermont. He taught at universities from 1884 to 1930. An academic philosopher and proponent of educational reform, in 1894 Dewey started an experimental elementary school. In 1919 he co-founded The New School for Social Research. Dewey published over 1,000 pieces of writings during his lifetime.

Robert Gagné Was an American educational psychologist best known for his "Conditions of Learning". Gagné pioneered the science of instruction during World War II when he worked with the Army Air Corps training pilots. He went on to develop a series of studies and works that simplified and explained what he and others believed to be 'good instruction.' Gagné was also involved in applying concepts of instructional theory to the design of computer-based training and multimedia-based learning Gagné's theory stipulates that there are several types and levels of learning, and each of these types and levels requires instruction that is tailored to meet the needs of the pupil.

Five categories of learning Intellectual skills: Create individual competence and ability to respond to stimuli. Cognitive strategies: Capability to learn, think, and remember Verbal information: Rote memorization of names, faces, dates, phone numbers, etc. Motor skills: Capability to learn to drive, ride a bike, draw a straight line, etc. Attitudes: Approach to ideas, people, or situations, that affects how one acts towards these things.