Talk:Cultural Anthropology/Production, Inequality and Development

Untitled
Chandler5416 would like the foraging sectionChandler5416 (talk) 01:08, 20 February 2009 (UTC)

Foraging
Original Affluent Society: I added a Wikipedia link for the anthropologist Marshall Sahlins, as well as capitalized an S. --Abmort (talk) 23:31, 9 March 2009 (UTC) Abmort

I edited some grammar stuff in the reciprocity section --Chandler5416

I reworded a sentence about 90% of the people in the US used foraging in the past. It didn't make sense how the person worded it so i rewrote it. --Maurer7597 (talk) 04:26, 9 March 2009 (UTC) maurer7597 Melissa Maurer

I just added some more information about the Ache under the foraging section. I went into more detail about how the hunter never eats his own catch, and his family always receives the same amount of meat as the rest of the tribe - i pretty much just stressed the importance of cooperation and sharing in their tribe. --Norton3607 (talk) 00:35, 5 March 2009 (UTC)norton3607

I refined the writing of this section on foraging cultures a bit to make the information flow smoother. I also fixed some grammatical errors and changed some of the content into the third person point of view to maintain the objectivity of the writing.

I added the picture of the Hadza people to show an example of foraging people. carr7805

I changed "the foraging people" to "foragers." - egoronkin

I found and fixed a few more spelling/grammatical errors. --Klokow7568 (talk) 00:15, 8 March 2009 (UTC)

Thanks for the changes and edits! I appreciate the input. What you guys added fits in well with what I was trying to convey and enhances this section!

Consumption
I took out up in the first sentence and added an "s" to good...better flow... "consumption is defined as the use of material goods necessary for human survival- for example by eating food or wearing clothing" I edited this sentence Ekholm5421

In this whole section I fixed grammatical errors, and now the whole section reads more smoothly. I also took out the parts about economists not caring about consuption, since our speding and consumption is what drives are economy, they do study it and care about it. Plus it brings back the focus of anthropologists roles. Muellep3

Why do people consume what they do?
I fixed a few spelling errors, as well as added "they utilize THE PHYSICAL WORLD" instead of "...they utilize THEY". I also added a wikipedia link to the cultural ecology page. --Abmort (talk) 23:25, 9 March 2009 (UTC)Abmort

Ecology and consumption
I changed the subheading to "ecology and consumption" so that the topic of ecology would be immediately relevant to readers that are looking for information on consumption. I realize consumption was related to the ecology in the later paragraphs, but a change in the title might serve well.Strebep6463 (talk) 18:34, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

I added a link to wikipedia for the word ecology. I feel like it would be more helpful to post a direct link to it rather than just having it bolded. CareyD173 (talk) 20:48, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

I addressed the fact that America is the world's largest consumer. Marissafederspiel

I made a few grammatical changes to the Ecology and Consumption section to give more clarity and fluency in reading. Cayab

12. Consumption (found near the bottom of the page): Added two Wikipedia links, one for Consumption and another for America. --Abmort (talk) 23:25, 9 March 2009 (UTC)Abmort

Cultivation
the horticulture section should talk about slash and burning as well as that it differs from agriculture in the fact that its a smaller scale and also produces a larger variety of crops. knight9366 (talk) 15: 04 1 march

I'll take the other two modes of production, please. (Non industrial and alienation)--Flintp3360 (talk) 05:36, 2 March 2009 (UTC)

Ill take Production please. (Inequalities)--wwuman23(2707) Wwuman23 (talk) 23:15, 3 March 2009 (UTC)

There definitely needs to be a piece on Consumption to tie the system of Production, Distribution, and Consumption together. Wwuman23 (talk) 00:22, 4 March 2009 (UTC)

Ill take Consumption if no one else already has it --Mallahp (talk) 23:38, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

I added a picture from the commons to the cultivation page--Norton3607 (talk) 00:25, 5 March 2009 (UTC)norton3607

I added a link for the horticulture section becasue every other section had one. CareyD173 (talk) 20:07, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

I edited the agriculture section by deleting excess words --Chandler5416

I moved the picture in the agriculture section to the second paragraph, since thats what it goes along with. CareyD173 (talk) 20:43, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

I added a link to land ownership in the agriculture section because land ownership is a big part of agriculture so I thought that it should be a link as well! Great write up about agriculture though! Lalondk (talk) 19:58, 8 March 2009 (UTC)

Oh, good idea. Land ownership is definitely a huge aspect of this topic so that link will help people get a little more information on what exactly is involved in the ownership and land rights, etc. Thanks for the change! CareyD173 (talk) 20:14, 8 March 2009 (UTC)

Grameen Bank
I created this topic a couple of days ago. I know someone said they would do the Grameen Bank, I am sorry I did not sign the topic after I created it. You are more than welcome to make any additions to this topic, there is quite a lot of really impressive information about this banking system and could easily use some more detail. Also, to make note, I forgot to change the summary when making my edits, I hope that is not to big of a problem, I will try and remember to do that from now on.

I discussed Kiva to use as an illustration of a company that features microcredit. I am involved in this and am able to speak of the benefits after having read and taken part of their program. User:MarissaFederspiel

Also, I created links from my Kiva paragraph to other sites, further explaining my concepts. User:MarissaFederspiel

I moved the image of "Nobel Laureate, Muhammad Yunus, the bank's founder" to the left to take away the space in the section and help make the section look more put together. [allumbt]

Modes of Exchange
Foraging: I made a few fixes in spelling and punctuation. Also, I restructured a couple sentences to allow for easier understanding. --Abmort (talk) 23:17, 9 March 2009 (UTC)Abmort

Yanamo: I edited "native America" to "South America" --Ekholm5421

Yanamo: I made minor punctuation and spelling fixes such as changing "matieral" to "material" --Abmort (talk) 23:13, 9 March 2009 (UTC)Abmort

Market Exchange: I just edited what I had previously submitted to make it flow better. I also added a few new things, like the other wiki link.

I also noticed that someone had added redistribution and reciprocity, so i defined both of them when talking about market exchange to help relate the two to market exchange. I also showed how these are related to market exchange in my ethnographic example

Market Exchange: I just added information for the market exchange mode of exchange. Someone also added writing for the redistribution mode of exchange, so the only mode left that needs to be covered is reciprocity --Norton3607 (talk) 00:29, 5 March 2009 (UTC)norton3607

For my example of market exchange I just said the United States, but didnt go into much detail about it. You can add any additional examples, or go into more depth about how the U.S. is an example of market exchange if you want. --Norton3607 (talk) 00:46, 5 March 2009 (UTC)norton3607

i also added a link to Karl Polanyi in my writing (market exchange). I thought this would be helpful since many people probably dont know who he is, and he is very important to the "modes of exchange" section, considering he proposed the three modes of exchange that we're talking about here....feel free to add any other links or additional information. --Norton3607 (talk) 00:41, 5 March 2009 (UTC)norton3607

Someone rearranged my paragraphs and moved my link. It made the page look much more concise to the reader. Thank you.

Market Exchange: I revised the paragraphs, fixed some typo errors, moved some words around, added some HTML markup to make the citations neater, and in general just made the whole thing flow better. --ZacharyShaffer (talk) 04:03, 6 March 2009 (UTC)

I Just took out Melissa's name from the beginning of Redistribution

I added Agriculture as a tab under Modes of Production. User:Marissafederspiel

Modes of Production
I took out a comma that didn't need to be in the first couple sentences. Ekholm5421

Also added a wikipedia link for "mode of production" Ekholm5421

I edited some of what some one already had,and I added some photos from wikipedia. If anyone wants to add anything else please feel free/ Luna6045 (talk) 04:45, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

I just made the section flow better.

Distribution, Exchange
I edited my paragraphs about redistribution and reciprocity so that they would flow better when other people are reading them. I also added some content to redistribution and to the ethnographic example on redistribution! Lalondk (talk) 04:05, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

I added a link to both redistribution and reciprocity. I think this gives the reader an alternative in case they want to know a little more about these two topics. Good paragraphs though, very well written and well thought out. Flows smoothly. CareyD173 (talk) 20:20, 8 March 2009 (UTC)

I also bolded the three different types of reciporcities that you mentioned in your second section. This kind of makes it more clear to the reader what the main types are and where they are located. Gives it an overall better look. CareyD173 (talk) 23:00, 8 March 2009 (UTC)

I definitely think that those corrections add to the section on reciprocity and redistribution! Thanks for the feedback! Lalondk (talk) 23:20, 8 March 2009 (UTC)

Horticulture
I changed "Kids have a more active role in this society than others because they weed and plant seeds" to "Children have an important role in a horticultural society because they weed and plant seeds, for example" because children historically have had active roles in some agricultural (and even industrial — think of child labor) societies as well, and it'd be hard to quantify such a thing. Strebep6463 (talk) 22:24, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

I simply removed a y from the word the in front of "work is distributed"....Whitcomb5739

Pastoralism
You stated that "they often struggle with land rights" and I took that out because you addressed later in the paragraph how there are no formal land rights, rather land is shared with family or certain groups. I thought the struggle with land rights made it sound as if they had had conflict from this method. And I do not believe they do.

I added an ehthnographic example about the Masaai people to this section White9354 (talk) 23:22, 9 March 2009 (UTC)white9354

Industrialism
I cleaned up a few awkwardly phrased sentences, added a Wiki link to Industry and fixed some formatting and typos. User:Rosen1347 I'm not really sure that industrialism helps to spread culture, but i think i understand what you're trying to say, syntax is still a little strange user;narkewicz

Post-Industrial/Information
Edited sentence structure from "Such economic transitions".. to "economic transitions such as..." Ekholm5421

Means of Production
I added some links to wikipedia for some key terms and deleted a word that occurred twice in a sentence. User:JoelSheppard

I added a link to the potlatch section to highlight the main point. cayab

Glossary Terms
Use this section to propose key terms from this chapter that can be included in the text Glossary. If you plan to implement edits associated with this key term, please claim it here with your username, or signature of four tildes ( ~ ). Paul James (discuss • contribs) 22:17, 27 October 2017 (UTC)

Biodiversity - Necessary natural diversity in plants and animals in a specific area.

Ecology - Interrelationship or totality/patterns between organisms and their environment.

Environmentalism - Concern and action aimed at protecting the environment and preserving biodiversity.

Foraging - Groups that search for wild food sources, usually a job done by men (sexual division of labor), for gathering food either by hunting prey or collecting food (berries). These people do not stay in one place because areas change at different times of the year. Back then, 90% of humans were foragers and today, a mere 1% of the current population are foragers.

Polychronic Culture - Seen as flexible with time and punctually/interruption are acceptable. These cultures like to do multiple things at one time. For example, Mexico and Egypt prefer open schedules.

Redistribution - Form of exchange where a group or organization collect items and then distributes these items to other individuals, or groups or organizations.

Economizing - to practice economically advantageous practices such as avoiding waste, reducing expenditures, or to make economic use of something.

Production - the various forms of transformation of nature's raw materials into a form more suitable for human use.

Distribution - the transport of produced goods, whether that be by land, air, or sea to the consumer.

Bands - small groups comprised of 30 to 50 people that are mobile according to seasonal rounds.

Horticulture - the practice of garden cultivation and maintenance, characterized by a crop of forest rotation with long fallow periods.

Slash and Burn Agriculture - cutting down trees and burning to produce a nutrient rich ash.

Pastoralism - the herding of domesticated or partially domesticated animals with a basis in mobility.

Agriculture - the production of foods and goods by means of forestry, farming, utilizing machinery, irrigation systems, and fertilization.

Family Farming - the means of agricultural farming in which the operator and the operator's relatives own the majority of the farm.

Collectivized agriculture - includes a number of farm households or villages working together under state control.

Animal Husbandry - to develop a land to human means by domesticating animals and breeding them to fulfill the needs in communities. ( ~ )

Intensive Agriculture - pertains more to increasing production to feed a larger community; to accommodate and build the food system around the population.

Overweight - a person that has excess body fat but still functions similarly to the same.

Carrying Capacity - determines how many people an area can support, but is not a reason that’s been founded with evidence to be an undermining factor of climate and social change.

Obesity - discusses that the person has such an excess of body fat that their bodily functions begin to alter negatively.

Endemic in Traditional Ecological Knowledge - describes one of the relationships indigenous people may hold with their resource management strategies due to their existence in one place. This in turn, results to Westerners being unknowing of the many ecological differences they may have.

Fortress Conservation - In some cultures, the community conserves areas in order to prevent negative means, yet, this act might be a political effort to withhold their authority over other cultures; the relationship humans have with nature.

Consumption - the act of taking and putting to use a meaning to a good, service, or relationship.

Market - a social institution in which people come together to exchange goods and services.