Talk:Cultural Anthropology/Marriage, Reproduction and Kinship

Glossary Terms
Use this section to propose key terms from this chapter that can be included in the text Glossary. If you plan to implement edits associated with this key term, please claim it here with your username, or signature of four tildes ( ~ ). Paul James (discuss • contribs) 22:19, 27 October 2017 (UTC)

Hanse20 (discuss contribs) 10:28, 12 December 2017 (UTC) Sex: the reproductive forms and functions of the human body

Kinship: A sense of being related to someone, through descent or marriage.

Clan: A group of people who believe they are from the same ancestor.

Polygyny: A marriage between one man and multiple women

Polyandry: A marriage between one woman and multiple men.

Matrilineal Descent: kinship that is traced through females, 15% of cultures have this.

Midwife: A professional hired to assist a woman during the birthing process.

Gender: Cultural expectations of how men and women should behave.

Sexually Dimorphic: When males and females have different sexual forms.

Natal family: The family of which one is born and raised.

Alyroha (discuss • contribs) 03:01, 12 December 2017 (UTC)

Pansexuality: sexual, romantic, and/or emotional attraction towards people regardless of their sexual or gender identity.

Two-spirit: (in Native American culture) someone who has fulfills masculine and feminine gender roles.

Sexual Harassment: unwanted sexual advances or obscene remarks in a professional or social situation.

Homophobia: the hatred, prejudice, and/or fear of someone who is attracted to someone of the same sex.

Acephobia: the discrimination, hatred, mistreatment, or erasure of those who lack sexual attraction to others.

Microaggressions: everyday actions or words that are common throughout society targeted towards marginalized groups, and reaffirming the privilege of the aggressor.

Taboo: actions that are near-universally viewed with shock, disgust, or shame within a society.

Incest: sexual relations between closely related people.

Postpartum Depression: depression that sometimes occurs after childbirth, making it hard to take care of oneself and their baby.

Polygamy: marriage between multiple partners.

KinerkbW01338844 (discuss • contribs) 01:03, 12 December 2017 (UTC)Bride Price: The exchange of a bride paid to her family in return for money, land, or other property from the groom and his family.

Natal Family: One’s family in which they were born and raised.

Clan: A group of relatives in which it is believed they all share one common ancestor.

Teknonymy: Term used by anthropologists to describe when the parents are identified by their children

Exogamous: Members of a clan must marry outside of it in order to strengthen relationships with other clans . Lineage: A group of relatives in which they all share a known common ancestor.

Unilineal: A form of descent in which one’s lineage is defined via single descent line (i.e. males or females).

Nuclear Family: Family consisting of a married couple and their children.

Dowry: Wealth or property given to a groom by the bride’s family in order to ensure her well being.

Genealogical Amnesia: The process by which entire groups of relatives are forgotten by their descendants.

Midwife: A person who is specifically trained and hired to assist the mother during childbirth.

Formula: Food designed specifically for babies and infants as an alternative to breast-feeding. Divorce: The process in which a marriage is dissolved legally.

Hardymj (discuss • contribs) 18:54, 8 December 2017 (UTC)

Asexual – Without sexual feelings or desires

Pansexual – Sexual attraction not limited to biological sex, gender, and/or gender identity.

Cisgender – A term used for people whose gender identity matches the sex assigned at birth.

Transgender – A term used for people whose gender identity doesn’t match the sex assigned at birth.

Micro-aggressions – Verbal/nonverbal slights or insults, intentional or not, that communicate discrimination or hostility. Ninaemily (discuss • contribs) 05:19, 13 December 2017 (UTC) (NinaEmily)

Lactational amenorrhea – The temporary postnatal infertility that occurs when a Women is amenorrheic (not menstruating) and fully breastfeeding.

Ghost marriage – A marriage of a woman and a man when the man is already dead.

Nuclear Family – A family that consists of two parents (male and female) with two or more children; typical “American” family.

Platonic friendship – A relationship between friends that is entirely non-sexual.

Gray-asexual – Between asexual and non-asexual; sometimes feels sexual attraction, but identifies as asexual.

Demisexuality – Doesn’t feel sexual attraction unless emotional attraction is made.

Acephobia – Fear or hate for asexuals.

Taboos – Social or religious custom prohibiting patterns, practices or people.

Complete births – Separation of infant from mother’s maternal body.

Multiple births – Two or more offspring, i.e. twins.

Hypno-Birthing – Remove fear through hypnosis during birth.

Caesarean births – C.S Section; surgical births.

Postpartum Depression – Depression mothers experience after birth.

Opprobrium – Extremely harsh criticism, censure or judgement.

Gender variants – Behavior relating to gender which does not match societal norms.

Two-spirit – Possessing both male and female spirit simultaneously.

Marriage of convenience – A marriage that is established for purposes other than love, family or romance.

Analog – Comparable; related to.

Unconstitutional – In direct violation of a constitution.

Restraining order – Court order limiting an individual’s contact with another person(s).

Homophobia – Hatred or fear of homosexuals.

Sexualized – Applying sexual qualities to persons, behaviors or objects.

Hardymj (discuss • contribs) 18:54, 8 December 2017 (UTC)

-Two-spirit: a culturally distinct gender that describes Indigenous North Americans who fulfill a traditional third-gender role in their cultures

-Monogamy: the practice of having only one spouse or sexual partner at a time

-Social monogamy: as a long term or sequential living arrangement between an adult male and an adult female

-Serial monogamy: the practice of engaging in a succession of monogamous sexual relationships

-Polygyny: polygamy in which a man has more than one wife.

-Serial polygamy: remarriage after divorce or death of a spouse from a monogamous marriage

-Postpartum Depression: depression suffered by a mother following childbirth, typically arising from the combination of hormonal changes, psychological adjustment to motherhood, and fatigue.

-Incest Taboo: any cultural rule of norm that prohibits sexual relations between closely related persons

-Preferred Pronouns: To avoid incorrect gender assumptions, people express if they prefer to be called as she, her, hers, or he, him, his.

-Microaggressions: casual, often common degradation of oppressed and marginalized group

-Surrogacy: a method of child bearing that involved a third party, usually a woman that agrees to carry a pregnancy for another person or couple that could not produce otherwise.

- (Biological) sex: either of the two main categories (male and female) into which humans and many other living things are divided on the basis of their reproductive functions.

- Gender: the state of being male or female (typically used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones).

- Sexual orientation: the pattern of sexual and emotional attraction based on the gender of one's partner.

- Romantic orientation: indicates the sex or gender with which a person is most likely to have a romantic relationship or fall in love.

- Transgender: people who have a gender identity or gender expression that differs from their assigned sex.

- Sexual harassment: harassment in a workplace or other professional or social situation, involving the making of unwanted sexual advances or obscene remarks.

- Sexual taboos: a wide range of societal norms on what's not acceptable sexual behavior, based on the various cultures, including incest, public nudity, etc.

- Reproduction: a basic function of every organism on Earth and passes on the building blocks of life from one generation to another.

- Marriage: a way to describe how different societies organize and understand mating and its consequences.

- Kinship: the culturally distinct relationships between individuals who are most likely thought of having family ties. (Baislec (discuss • contribs) 21:37, 27 November 2017 (UTC))

-Heterosexuality: Emotional and/or sexual attraction between a man and a women

-Homosexuality: Emotional and/or sexual attraction to the same sex person

-Bisexually: Being attracted to two or more genders

-Pansexuality: Attraction between two people regardless of sex or gender identities

-Asexual: Person does not experience sexual attention

-Polyromantic: Romantic attractions to multiple, but not all genders --Michaelajm014 (discuss • contribs) 22:34, 8 December 2017 (UTC)

-Aromantic: Lack of romantic attractions to multiple, but not all genders

-Gray Romantic: individual who does not experience romantic attraction

-Demiromantic: Individual who needs a deep emotional bond to their significant otherHomophobia: Fear of someone who is sexually interested in someone of the same sex (user: Michaelajm014)

-Heteromantic: Romantic attraction towards a gender other than your own.

-Homoromantic: Romantic attraction toward same gender.

-Biromantic: Romantic attraction toward two genders.

-Panromantic: Attraction toward all genders.

-Acephobia: Discrimination, hatred, mistreatment, or erasure of asexual people.

-Incest: Sexual relations between closely related people.

-Nudity: The state of wearing no clothing.

-Reproduction: Basic function of every organism on Earth and passes on the building blocks of life from one generation to another.

-Complete Birth: Entire separation of the infant from the maternal body (after cutting of the umbilical cord).

-Abortion: The action of terminating a pregnancy or is the premature exit of products of conception.

Sexual Orientation: preference in partners and what you identify as sexually.

Romantic Orientation: the gender or sex one is most likely to fall in love with or have an intimate relationship with.

Reproduction: refers to the process by which new social members are produced physiological process of conception, pregnancy and birth.

Monogamy: practice of having only one spouse at a time.(Dowellwill (discuss • contribs) 03:08, 28 November 2017 (UTC))

Ghost marriage: takes place when a wealthy man passes away without living children, a woman can “marry” the ghost.

Levirate marriage: a woman marries on of her husbands brothers after her husband has died.

Neolocal residence: couple finds their own house, independent from family members

Patrilocal residence: married couple lives with the husband’s fathers family

Genealogical amnesia: Married women often take the last name of their husband and abandon their maiden name.

Epidemiological: Not one does it study the factors that affect health and disease among populations, but it also deals with how and what has happened, how it could be distributed to other and makes conclusions on how to control the disease with this research.

Empiricism: a theory mad in the 17th and 18th century, that all knowledge is derived from a sense of experience.

Psychedelic: a drug such as the magic mushroom, that causes hallucinations and a widening of consciousness

Bioprospecting: study and search for planting animal where medical drugs can be found containing valuable remedies.

Medical model: the belief that abnormal behavior is the result from physical complications that should be treated medically

Humoral: Body fluids including blood that involves the immune system responding to antibodies that are involved in the body’s fluids from differentiating from cells

Adoption: The addition of a child to a parent or family from which it does not biologically originate who then raise and care for it as their own.

Intrauterine devices:A small plastic or metal T-shaped device inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy.

Birth control pills: A medication containing hormones such as estrogen and progesterone that are taken on a daily basis by women to prevent pregnancy, regulate menstrual cycles, and combat acne among other uses.

Artificial insemination: The insertion of semen directly into a woman's cervix, uterus, or fallopian tubes by a doctor. An explicitly non-sexual procedure.

In-vitro fertilization: The placement of an egg fertilized in a laboratory dish into the womb.

Midwives: A specialist in pregnancy, childbirth, post-partum care, and general sexual and reproductive health for women.

OB/GYN: A specialist in obstetric and gynecological medicine.

Umbilical cord: The connecting cord of tissue between a fetus and placenta that transfers nutrients.

Eclampsia: High blood pressure and various organ dysfunction in pregnant women that can lead to seizures.

Postpartum depression: depression following childbirth that can last anywhere from a few days to a few weeks. The condition is thought to be mitigated by a strong social support system.Hale sophia98 (discuss • contribs) 06:05, 28 November 2017 (UTC)

Sexual Orientation (n): Describes a persons interest or lack there of when it comes to sexual/romantic relationships.

Sexual Harassment (v): Unwanted interactions with a sexual nature.

Taboo (n): Actions that are looked down upon from society. Often seen as inapropriate or illegal. Acceptance varies from culture to culture. W01273174 (discuss • contribs) 23:02, 27 November 2017 (UTC)

Artificial Insemination (n): A medical procedure in which semen is intentionally injected into the woman in hopes of pregnancy.

Transgender' (n): A person who identifies as being a gender different from what they were assigned based on their biological sex from birth.

Monogamy (n): A type of romantic relationship between two people only with each other. Seen as the traditional marriage in American culture.

Polygamy (n): A type of romantic relationship in which it is acceptable to marry multiple different spouses.

Polygyny (n): A type of romantic relationship under polygamy where a man marries multiple women as wives.

Polyamory (n): A type of romantic relationship which the members have desire to be with multiple partners, much like polygamy but polyamory is not necessarily linked to a religion.

Gender (n): Defining factor, male or female based on societal norms.

Sex (n): Defining factor, male or female based on biological genitalia at birth.

Kinship: the social system that organizes people in families based on descent and marriage.

Abortion: the action of terminating a pregnancy.

Natal family: the family into which one is born into and raised in.

Kinship Terminologies: another method to describe the structure of families in different cultures.

Clan: an inherently different kind of group that is made up of relatives who all descended from the same ancestor.

Dowry: a tradition where caste families give the groom’s family a certain amount of money or material wealth in order to ensure their daughter’s well-being.

Bride-Price: an unusual concept in some cultures where a value is given to a bride as she is received by the groom’s family.

“Traditional American Families”: a concept that has gradually changed due to historical events where on one account a “traditional family” was a family with specific roles synonymous with their gender  living a happy and healthy suburban life.

Polygamous family: a family with one husband and his multiple wives.

Polyandry: relationship where a woman has two or more partners in the same sequence.

Incest taboo: the prohibition of sexual relations between closely related family members.

Exogamous: members of a clan must marry someone from another clan.

Kinship chart: a visual concept of family ties.

Schuffannika (discuss • contribs) 21:31, 30 November 2017 (UTC)

Sexual Orientation: The gender(s) a person is sexually attracted to.

Romantic Orientation: The pattern of gender(s) a person is most likely to have a romantic attraction to or fall in love with.

Taboo: A social restriction on an action based on the collective idea that it is sacred and inappropriate for the public eye.

Reproduction: The biological process of producing offspring from parents.

Abortion: The termination of a pregnancy either deliberately, or non-deliberately.

Postpartum Depression: Depression suffered by a mother following the birth of her child due to hormonal changes and the psychological adjustment she is facing.

Marriage: The organization and stable union of two (or more) people as partners in a personal relationship.

Divorce: The legal ending of a marriage.

Kinship: The relationship between two of more people that is formed on the basis of common ancestry or marriage.

Polygamy: The practice of being married to more than one person at a given time.

Surrogacy: An arrangement in which a woman acting as a third party carries and gives birth to a baby for a couple who are unable or unwilling to bear a child. --Mattesv2 (discuss • contribs) 20:46, 3 December 2017 (UTC)

Gray-Romantic: A person who rarely feels emotions of romantic attraction.

Gender: The cultural expectations of male and female behavior and their roles in society.

Lesbian:Homosexual women.

Gay:Homosexual men/women.

Asexual:One that does not experience sexual attraction.

Extended Families: A larger group of relatives beyond the immediate family.

Cognatic: A mode of decent calculated from an ancestor, or a system of bilateral kinship where relationships are traced through both a father and mother.

Nuclear Family: A married couple and their dependent children.

Genealogical amnesia: The structural process of forgetting a whole group of relatives because of their insignificance in social life.

Matrilineal: Tracking descent through women, who are descended from an ancestral woman.

--Hubbarb5 (discuss • contribs) 01:42, 11 December 2017 (UTC) Patrilineal: Tracking descent through males from the same ancestors.

Unilineal: Based on descent through a single descent line, either males or females. (Megmckenzie98 (discuss • contribs) 06:19, 6 December 2017 (UTC))

Pansexuality: refers to sexual attraction towards any person, regardless of sex or gender identity.

Asexual:refers to someone who is not sexually attracted to anyone.

Polyromantic: refers to someone who can be romantically attracted to more than one gender.

clan: special group of relatives who are all descended from a single ancestor.

lineages: tend to be composed of people who are directly descended from known ancestors.

Patrilineal: a child's lineage is that of his/her father's.

Genealogical Amnesia: forgetting whole groups of relatives.

Polygamy: the practice of having more than one wife or husband at the same time.

Polygyny: one man marries several women at once.

Polyandry: one woman marries several men at once.

Asexual: Having no sexual desires towards a person.

Demisexual: Having no sexual desires for a person unless a strong emotional connection is made but not confined by a romantic relationship. Oliverb4 (discuss • contribs) 18:03, 11 December 2017 (UTC)

Transgender: A person who identifies as the opposite gender than that of which they were born as.

Pansexual: A person attracted to another person regardless of gender.

Polyromantic: Romantic attraction to most genders but not all.

Gray-romantic: A person who does not usually experience romantic attraction.

Acephobia: Removal, discrimination or hatred towards asexuals.

Sexualized: Attribute a sexual role to or make sexual.

Intimacy: Close familiarity or friendship; sexual relationship.

Two-spirit: A person generally viewed as having both feminine and masculine spirits within themselves.

--Brownl36 (discuss • contribs)

Sexual Orientation: The pattern of sexual/emotional attraction based on gender of ones partner.

Romantic Orientation: For asexual people, this is considered a more useful measure of attraction than sexual orientation.

Nudity: Considered an important facet in the expressions and feelings in intimate relationships.

Acephobia: The discrimination and hatred and mistreatment of asexual people. This is very similar to homophobia, and is often expressed through microaggressions. --Brownl36 (discuss • contribs)

Sexual Taboos: A range of societal norms that determine what is and isn't acceptable when it comes to sexual behavior. They are regarded as inappropriate and are in many cases illegal. Incest: Sexual relations between people who are closely related to one another.

Monogamy: The practice of having only one spouse at a time. In some cases, monogamy means having only one spouse for an entire life span.

Heterosexuality: Refers to the emotional and sexual attraction between men and women.

Gender Expression: Shaped by the culture one is raised in, they are often raised to follow their respective gender norms.

Abortion: The action of terminating a pregnancy or is the premature exit of products of conception. Birthing Practices: The various forms and traditions of giving birth to a child.

Images and wikipedia term placeholders
Opening image size is large for aesthetic and educational purposes, large images offer detail and context and are the norm in Intro to cultural anth textbooks.

Key terms that are currently Wikipedia links should be migrated to the Cultural_Anthropology/Glossary http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cultural_Anthropology/Glossary before they are deleted !!!

Thanks,--Paul James (discuss • contribs) 22:01, 18 April 2011 (UTC)

Marriage
I agree with both of you, it should be much more detailed on such a broad topic. There is a lot to say about marriage other than just marriage in itself. Hookl2

I agree that the person who wrote the marriage section should elaborate on what they mean about traditional/non traditional roles, shaping a child's standing. --Shearer2868 (talk) 05:41, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

I made edits to the marriage section to make the reading flow. However I think the person who wrote the marriage section should elaborate on what they mean about Traditional/non traditional roles, shaping a child's standing. It would help to make the last paragraph flow better. --CampbellKirs10 (talk) 02:11, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

I made some grammer edits to the divorce secion --Chandler5416

Thanks for making the table of contents more organized, jimersj. Laurenhuff (talk)

I added some information to the ghost marriage section. -Cami Marinella

I pointed out that monogamy is the most common practice in the United States. -Marissa Federspiel

I moved my part about divorce under the Divorce and Children section. Whitee7 (talk) 04:35, 8 March 2009

I tried to make the table on contents more organized.--Jimersj (talk) 22:25, 6 March 2009 (UTC)jimersj

I added more information to the arranged marriage section: “This however may be due to factors relating to the beliefs and traditions of the cultures in which arranged marriages are more common.” and “Often the two parties will grow together, and learn to accommodate one another’s needs.” -Hykal0597

I reviewed and evaulated the section on Polygamy. I found that the word "woman" was used when "women" should've been used. I also added some commas where I found approprate to make the flow better. I also added some clarification words and phrases to also help flow and make the idea more clear to those reading. Moore0762 (talk) 03:04, 6 March 2009 (UTC)

I expanded on the different types of monogamy instead of just marrital. Healowl (talk) 03:19, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

I moved the picture and words in the Trobriand Islands section to make it look cleaner. Whitee7 (talk) 04:55, 8 March 2009

I expanded on the ghost marriage section a bit. Yarwood1029 (talk) 02:07, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

I fleshed out and edited the arranged marriage section. Yarwood1029 (talk) 01:56, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

I added an example to endogamy because I thought you were finished which is probably incorrect.... -Robert76

I added the two specific types of polygamy to the end of the definition to create better flow between it and the subsections.--Veronica Whitley (talk) 22:47, 22 February 2009 (UTC)

I would like to talk about how individualism is viewed and demostrated in cultures and how that relates to kinship and other relationships. I think I'm just going to add a new heading or subheading...I'm going to use examples cultures i have leard in lectures and my own personal experiences in my culture. I'm going to talk about in terms of kinship --Woolsey8578 (talk) 17:44, 8 March 2009 (UTC) I agree with the additions to the Polygamy definition. It does have a better flow and it connects to the next section which defines two types of Polygamy. - Ellie Shane

I added info about divorce/seperation among the Inuit in the marriage section. I think we need more information in that section. We'll probably get more information in the next few days in lecture.-Ben Bothwell

I expanded the Matrilineal Decent and Patrilineal Decent as well added a few examples to exogamy and endogamy. -Robert76

I cleaned up the section on monogamy a bit and added a section on ghost marriage. §Ben Bothwell

I added another subheading in the Kinship section for types of kin to seperate out some of the information. i re-read and changed a few things so it would read easier. The addition in kinship on the specific types of it was a good in deapth addition.-Savannah Wilson

--Thanks, I was trying to figure out how to segue into that; a heading makes sense. Silly me. I also added "ambilinial descent" to the types of descent section.-- Hamilton8152 (talk) 19:47, 4 March 2009 (UTC)

Thanks for not freaking out on me for taking Matrilineal and Patrilineal Descent! Robert76

I was wondering why someone wrote their username under the section that I wrote for Polygyny. If someone was trying to edit it, I didn't see any changes and I was confused. I someone could help clarify this. Thanks. Shane8634 (talk) 16:27, 4 March 2009 (UTC)

thanks whoever filled in stuff for arranged marriages. i liked the summary you gave at the end. In response to the post above mine, I think this is more or less a free for all. Someone tried to "claim" a section that I started. If you want to write about a topic you just have to get there before somebody else does it seems.

I cleaned up the monogamy section and fixed some crucial spelling errors! I also rearranged it into a more organized format. Barrona (talk) 04:51, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

I added a definition of serial monogamy to the section on monogamy. Katherine Jacobs Inkblossom (talk) 17:19, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

In the monogamy section, I reorganized the section and refined the wording a little because it seemed a little choppy in some parts. Loves (talk) 20:57, 6 March 2009 (UTC)

I added the Greek etymology of the word Polygamy and also added a Wikipedia link to the word Polygamy.

I wikipedia linked Exogamy lancelot027

Somebody addded a first-hand account about living with divorce. Although this is good info, it is written in the first person while it should be in third person. There were also a few typos and whatnot. I thought about editing it myself, but I thought that since it's such a personal subject I would just let you know so you can make the judgement call on how to edit it.

Monogamy and Polygamy
I talked a bit about serial monogamy and polygamy. I thought this was important because anthropologist do use this term and they the two meanings can be confused.--Jimersj (talk) 22:33, 6 March 2009 (UTC)

I added a bit more information --Petit00865229 (talk) 02:30, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

I changed the wording around for some sentences, as well as made a wiki. link to Joseph Smith. (Scar8719)

I added a link to mormons--White5975 (talk) 00:24, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

I made the Polygynous Families section read a little more smoothly and fixed some grammar.--Shearer2868 (talk) 04:13, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

I added a link to the Wikipedia Monogamy page. Holmesa2

I added a link to Mormonism, so people could read up on what it is and find more information on this religion. I also added a link to Brigham Young, in the case that people do not know who he really is, how he came so influential in the Mormon religion, etc. I also cleaned up the wording on some of the sentences. Moormas2 (talk)

Removed the following chunk as it appears someone managed to sneak some BS in, and then there were counter arguments being made to the BS that was tacked onto the BS. The counter-arguments aren't needed because the BS is, well BS. BS is in bold below.


 * “The monogamy idea was not popular in previous generations, not until its strong uprising in the last 150 years or so. Polygamy was still openly practiced in the last generation in non-western countries and is today still practiced in modern societies. Many countries and cultures around the world are practicing monogamy not only for religious reasons but simply because they chose to.

(http://www.patriarchywebsite.com/monogamy/mono-history.htm) Monogamous relationships may theoretically reduce the risk of sexually transmitted diseases/infections, however, in practice, short term pleasure and emotional and material gains are found to be more significant factors in STI risk behavior than long-term planning around monogamous partnerships.

Again, that is BS. Outside of Utah, There has never been a time in the US's 400 year (including colonial era) history where monogamy was not practiced almost exclusively by those of European and even African descent.

examples of polygamy
I added a bit more information to make the section regarding the Tiwi people clearer and easier to understand. --Petit00865229 (talk) 03:49, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

I added internal links to both the Bathurst and Melville Islands, as well as one to the Tiki people. I also cleared up some confusing wording in the section about Hugh Hefner. Anthronut12 (talk) 23:12, 9 March 2009 (UTC)

I also cleared up some confusion in the Hugh Hefner section. Added a link to playboy because not everyone may not he was the founder of the magazine. --Rohde2807 (talk) 01:12, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

I rewrote the second paragraph about polygamy in the United States because it was unclear and slightly biased. Harveya5 (talk) 19:58, 1 May 2009 (UTC)

I edited about children being involved in polygamy and that plays a key part in polygamy lifestyle.

I added a specific recent example of polygamy in the U.S. to make this section more detailed and give proof that this really does currently go on illegally. Although there was a lot more information i could've included about the situation in this example i chose not to because i wanted to focus on the polygamy going on as it is the main topic, and less on the child abuse and immorality that was occurring; i was trying to stay objective. Harts4 (talk) 04:06, 2 May 2009 (UTC)Harts4

endogamy
there was a typo and endogamy was spelled wrong in the first section of this section so i corrected it (Alicia Troske)

Dowry
I made a few changes to simplify the wording a little bit. And Deleted some that wasn't necessary. Saying "that women marry into higher social ranking" already implies "than that in which they reside before marriage." I also added an internal link, since in the explanation the writer gives an example of Patrilocal Residence. --CampbellKirs10 (talk) 03:28, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

I added that the practice of Dowry has been illegal in India since 1961, however these laws are not observed in most parts of the country. --Hanse20 (talk) 10:35, 12 December 2017 (UTC)

Sexualities Other than Heterosexuality
I made Family Rights its own section and put in Cultural Examples of LGBT Relationships as its own section. Yarwood1029 (talk) 01:03, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

I moved the paragraph about same-sex marriage to fall under the marriage section instead. Yarwood1029 (talk) 00:56, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

I changed and expanded on the LGBT section under marriage and added a section about same sex marriages and their ability to raise children. - Morgan Johnston

Thanks for expanding on the LGBT section that I wrote; I think it covers more ground this way. Yarwood1029 (talk) 00:46, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

In the starting of the LGBT section I noticed that the abbreviation LGBT wasn't ever spelled out in the article so I simply added the unabbreviated version of it. - (lancelot027)

Thanks! I didn't realize it hadn't been defined. Yarwood1029 (talk) 01:08, 6 March 2009 (UTC)

I added an example of polygamy within the US.Barrona (talk) 04:55, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

In the LGBT(Q) section, I added Questioning to the abbreviation because that encompasses more of the gay/transgender/transexual community that way. I also reworded a few things, and added information about Gay Straight Alliances.--Emily Pierce (talk) 00:53, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

I added more to the endogamy section as well as re did the titles so they would show up as separate topics under the heading.--Rutha2 (talk) 02:38, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

Thanks for adding to the endogamy section. It seemed to clarify what I wanted to say simply and also added organization. K Gannon

I think that a more scientific definition of "Ghost Marriage" besides just an example would be better. Flintp3360 (talk) 07:49, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

I cleaned up a few word choice issues in the Same-Sex marriage section. Eck4068 (talk) 22:47, 9 March 2009 (UTC) Eck4068

I added an internal link for LBTGQ, as well as adding a map of the state of gay marriage in the U.S. I also revised the section about which states recognize gay marriage and civil unions, and added a bit about California's Proposition 8. Anthronut12 (talk) 23:40, 9 March 2009 (UTC)

I added an internal link to Gay-Straight Alliance. Holmesa2

Sexual Orientation
I added some definitions last night and then got interrupted before I could explain here. I also thought maybe labeling this section Sexual Orientation provides a more objective approach... I don't know if it is best to define various orientations in comparison to what is considered normal in the US, especially in an anthropological perspective.--Cavea (talk) 20:08, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

I revised this section a bit more and expanded the concepts, I tried to make it flow better with the rest of the paragraph. --Cavea (talk) 22:13, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

I edited the Ancient Greece section a bit. I added some commas, semi-colons, and a few other grammatical errors. - Cami Marinella

Thanks! It definitely made the section easier to read. --Cavea (talk) 02:49, 9 March 2009 (UTC)

I fixed the reference error on the Greek Mythology and added another vresion to the story of Apollo. Macdonm5Macdonm5 (talk) 04:57, 28 April 2009 (UTC)

I added another type of polyandry about secondary marriage in the polygamous section --Mallahp (talk) 05:36, 9 March 2009 (UTC)

I made some grammar edits the the Gay Marriage section --Chandler5416 I edited some of the isogamy section to relate it more to relationships and not just information on the cellular level. Kiaraeanthro210 (talk)

Added the section on the Sambia. The library only had the one reference on the selves, and the section itself is not totally complete yet. Feel free to jump in here. 23:08, 9 March 2009 (UTC)

I added some links to Sambia for clarity. (JoelSheppard)

I added some information to the gay adoption section, including an overturned law in Florida. I think it gives some information on what is going on legally with this issue. whiteb8Whiteb8 (talk) 21:38, 23 April 2009 (UTC)

I added some information after the terms about how one may identify with one term but not anouther. I learned that little bit of information from my LGBT class at the begining of the year.Frenchl5 (talk) 18:49, 29 April 2009 (UTC)

Moved transgender to the bottom of the 'sexual orientation' list and added text clarifying that it is not actually a sexual orientation and that transgender people may identify as any sexual orientation. Mortonr3 (talk) 04:19, 1 May 2009 (UTC)

I edited the part about Ancient Greece. I felt like it was important to state that men were allowed to take lovers outside the marriage but women weren't.

Divorce
Fixed some statistics and added some more statistics Robert77 (talk) 23:30, 27 April 2009 (UTC)

Changed from "get out of marriage" to "terminate a marriage" in order to sound more respectful Ladnerk (talk) 03:41, 29 April 2009 (UTC)

I added more personal information to make the understanding clearer and give it more substance. Berryk3 (talk) 02:20, 30 April 2009 (UTC)]

I fixed some grammatical errors, 'to' to 'too.' I also fixed some of the spacing such as there were spaces added then needed. Made it flow more and easier to read. Cschnuck (talk) 23:12, 30 April 2009 (UTC)

I revised where it talked about dysfunction in a family because it takes more than that to break up a family.

Conflicting Views on Sexuality
I expanded some information on the Sexuality section and added my own experiences.User:Gebreks 9:39 pm, 5 March 2009 I changed the picture of the rainbow flag in the same-sex marriage section, as the one that was there was a broken link and I couldn't fix it. Hopefully the effect is pretty much the same. Stacycbreland (talk)

Cultural Examples of LGBT Relationships
I just elaborated a bit on this intro to set up the topics that are written about. --Cavea (talk) 21:56, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

Same-sex Marriage
I corrected which states allow same sex marriages. It just needed to be updated. Juarezn (talk) 00:19, 29 April 2009 (UTC)

I added the new increase in Domestic Partnership rights for Washington State. Graebez (talk) 11:28, 1 May 2009 (UTC)

Lesbianism in Mombasa
I just corrected some grammar issues.(Hinn9612)

Puberty
I added a link to the section on puberty. The link goes to the Wikipedia article on the cultural aspects of menarche, which I felt was an important link that could supply more information on the subject of cultures and their responses to puberty.

Instead of making the link in a number next to the word you can make the link the actual word. I can change the first one so you can see how that works. Hinn 9612 (talk)

I specified the timing of onset. I thought providing more specific information could make the "puberty" section more accurate. Leew3 (talk) 08:20, 1 May 2009 (UTC)

Inis Beag
I changed the link so it was highlighting the word and didn't create a number next to it because teh numbers mess up the refrences at the bottom. Hinn 9612 (talk)

I edited one of your sentences to make it flow better. Petit00865229 (talk) 03:19, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

Trobriand Islands
I changed the link so it was highlighting the word and didn't create a number next to it because teh numbers mess up the refrences at the bottom. Hinn 9612 (talk)

I fixed your hyperlink so it didn't have the w: in front of it. :) Petit00865229 (talk) 03:29, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

Arranged Marriage
I added my own ethnographic example from a family member's point of view.

I added some links to other wiki information --Shearer2868 (talk) 04:27, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

Residence Pattern
Hey thanks that actually really helped. --CampbellKirs10 (talk) 03:07, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

I edited the definition of duolocal residence for clarity. Petit00865229 (talk) 03:03, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

Reproduction
Look up a source to support statement 'In Judaism as well there is a transition into adulthood that takes place at the age of thirteen (whether or not this is meant to be synchronized with puberty is unknown to me). For a boy this is called a Bar Mitzva and for a girl it's called a Bat Mitzva. For the individual it is one of the most important traditions in Judaism, rivaled only by marriage. Under Puberty section --Paul James (talk) 22:16, 10 March 2010 (UTC)

I added to the information about rural Chinese people and premarital sex. The original author did not mention the use of western porn as a way to learn about sex. Shuberd (talk) 07:54, 4 June 2009 (UTC)

I added the universal breast feeding symbol to the section of Breast Feeding --Shearer2868 (talk) 05:55, 10 March 2009 (UTC) I added a section concerning breast feeding. I edited the Childbirth section. I tried to clean up the spelling and grammar mistakes. - Cami Marinella

I made some spelling corrections. Also the very last sentence is incomplete (at the end of the section). You might want to either delete it or finish the origional thouht you had. Hinn9612 (talk)

I bolded the topics in Differences in Birthing Practices, to make it easy to differentiate between the topics. user:wilber6199 8 March 2009

I added a link to midwives in childbirth. --White5975 (talk) 00:40, 10 March 2009 (UTC) --Shearer2868 (talk) 05:55, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

Birthing
I fixed a spelling error and added a few sentences about reasons for planning a C-section. This sub-topic seemed to be lacking information on probable reasoning for C-sections.Wildfim (talk) 07:12, 1 May 2009 (UTC)

I changed the wording in the section about abortion because it sounded a little choppy and didn't flow smoothly. larson41 (talk) 9:50, 29 April 2009 (UTC)

Put in a research example for breast-feeding and how it can be related to childhood obesityDammara (talk) 03:12, 27 April 2009 (UTC)

I went in and changed the wording in the C-Section section because i felt that the use of slicing the mothers abdomen was a little harsh. Dammara (talk) 01:42, 27 April 2009 (UTC)

I changed the part about natural birth positions for the baby because it originally said that breech was the correct way for a baby to be born and that would be misleading. The safe way for a baby to be born is head first position. All better now! Reynola5 (talk) 06:53, 23 April 2009 (UTC)

I added to the different types of reproduction for example A sexual that had been left out Healowl (talk) 03:23, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

I made the four types of birth into bullet points so that they could be read better. Yarwood1029 (talk) 01:29, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

I added a bit on vaginal vs. assisted vs. caesarian birth. I then went on to talk about the rising rates of c-sections in developed countries. Inkblossom (talk) 17:46, 5 March 2009 (UTC) Katherine Jacobs

I added different reasons for why a C-section might need to happen. Lancelot027

Awesome. Thanks. Inkblossom (talk) 22:44, 5 March 2009 (UTC) (sorry, I forgot to log in earlier.)

I added a link to premature births--Jimersj (talk) 22:57, 6 March 2009 (UTC)

I deleted the last line because it was already stated in the foraging section -Robert76

Fixed some spelling errors

Thanks for the edits! I added a link to wikipedia for STDs. Making it just a big easier! --Rohde2807 (talk) 06:32, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

I added to the section on birthing. There didn't seem to be much on any natural birthing processes so I added some about HypnoBirthing. I was hoping that by adding this I could expand the views of birthing to something outside just the medical view of it. --hilla24

Kinship
I revised the part about kinship, because the example given was just from America and I thought that a view from somewhere else around the world would be beneficial as well. Lockera2 (talk) 05:45, 1 May 2009 (UTC)

I refined the paragraph on kinship. I corrected grammatical errors and refined the flow of the information to make the paragraph easier to read. I also reworded the ethnographic example so that it remained objective and could apply more throughout time and would not become outdated.

I am confused to why someone wrote their username under my entry about polygyny. I wrote that section and I don't know if someone was trying to claim it or not, but I am just very confused. I was wondering maybe if they were adding material but when I read the section, I noticed no changes that I wasn't already aware of. If someone could explain thanks. Shane8634 (talk) 14:11, 1 March 2009 (UTC)

There was a broken link on the paragraph about Seperation among the Inuits. It looked like someone tried to link it to a photo of some sort but failed. §Ben Bothwell

I added a section about Arranged marriage but don't have that much info. Can someone help me fill in the gaps?

I really liked the paragraph on Individualism. I thought that it flowed well and I really liked how it was compared to other cultures. -Robert76

I agree with Robert. I really like that Individualism paragraph.However,I got rid of the “for example” at the end of the paragraph because it sounded redundant. I also fixed some grammatical errors. --Reeh8419 (talk) 06:03, 8 March 2009 (UTC)

All i did was add the Japanese symbol for "ie" after you introduced the term. (家) Lancelot027

Thanks for revising the section on Kinship, the re-wording of the ethnographic example makes much more sense. Wilson5745

I edited the arranged marriage section. I fixed a few sentances so they would make more sense and I changed all the "you" in the modern with courtship type to make it more formal.Wilson5745

Under a subtopic in Kinship, I fixed the links to divorce and remarriage so they take you to a wiki site with the deffinition of these terms. -kingman7089 I fixed some spacing errors on my individualism page. I wrote it on a word document and then pasted it on to wiki so I had to fix and create spaces that didn't show up. --Woolsey8578 (talk) 17:33, 8 March 2009 (UTC)

Thank you Reeh8419 for reviewing my page. I like the changes you made. --Woolsey8578 (talk) 17:38, 8 March 2009 (UTC)

I explained the difference between genealogy and kinship. - Cami Marinella

I fixed the spacing problems in the Descent section. Thanks for whoever put the male and female signs in. -Robert76

Household Forms
I added some content here to make it more understandable. Flintp3360 (talk) 07:51, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

Definition of a Family
I deleted the second hypergamy and made some gramatical corrections in this section. Hookl2 I edited the single-person household form section. There were a couple grammar problems. - Cami Marinella.

I edited family section by adding more information about the two different types of families. I also made a couple of the sentences more clear by tightening up the structure of the sentence. --Hopperm1 (talk) 20:01, 6 March 2009 (UTC)

I added more clarification to what a bilineal family descent pattern looked like. Flintp3360 (talk) 07:52, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

I added more to family section by talking about families in the west. I added a couple sentences about the size of families. --Hopperm1 (talk) 03:54, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

I edited the families in the west section by defining what a kindred family is which helps clarify the sentence before and help better define what an extended family is.--Hopperm1 (talk) 04:03, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

I made a vocab word a link in my section so a person can further look up what this concept is for a better understanding of my paragraph. --Hopperm1 (talk) 04:07, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

I made some grammatical changes and sentence structure changes to make the section read more smoothly. --Hopperm1 (talk) 06:13, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

I also added a picture of a tradition US family to go with the paragraph about western society families. --Hopperm1 (talk) 06:14, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

I decided to edit the subject of single women in this because I should further insight into the lives of single women. I attempted to clarify more of what the author was trying to get across. I added this addition to the end of the author's first paragraph. --Hunterj4 (talk) 18:20, 28 April 2009 (UTC)

I made some grammatical changes to improve the flow of the reading.Schwabk (talk) 00:16, 1 May 2009 (UTC)

I added more information on how my mom has kept us working hard even when we were not the typical family. I would have liked there to be more representation of different families no the typical families, but the Latino/a families and how they may work different compared to a Chinese family, but more representation of different families. In my case I can talk about how the Latino/a families are really big and united.

Hypogamy
I changed the grammar of the second sentence.-manderd

Divorce in Islam
I made grammar and punctuation edits to make the section flow better.

Abortion
I dont think there is any need to put the cost of the abortion in this section thought it is very interesting I think its misplaced --Knight9366 (talk) 23:49, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

Okay, I just added a section about Abortion in the United States for the ethnographic requirement and I will transfer the information about cost there. It makes more sense to put it there. Thanks for pointing that out. --Hinn9612

I reviewed and edited the section on marriage, moved things around so that they had a better flow. Anderson2917 (talk) 05:08, 6 March 2009 (UTC)

I fixed a couple hyperlinks so they worked better. Petit00865229 (talk) 03:32, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

I just added a sentence or two in the abortion in America section, nothing big but just wanted to mention the pro-choice and pro-life sections. Also I just added a link to a news article at the bottom of the Abortion section, I thought it was interesting and gave good in sight on how other countries deal with abortion.--Grotjahn2975 (talk) 22:33, 9 March 2009 (UTC)

I added the part to abortion in America dealing with the recent murder of a late term abortion doctor. I thought this was a good thing to add because it shows how controversial the issue still is and the length people are willing to go to prove their point. Kosarem (User talk: Kosarem|talk]])

Geneology
There were a lot of unnecessary spaces between sentences so I just claened that up a bit. Troeppl0637

Friendship
I added Friendship and Examples of Friendship. Holmesa2

I added a little to friends within the family section because western societies focus more on trying to get siblings to be friends, rather than trying to have them not be friends. Bushc