Robotics/Navigation

What is Navigation?
Navigation comprises everything a robot needs to get from point A to point B as efficient as possible without bumping into furniture, walls or people.

This problem breaks down in several sub-problems:
 * It needs to know where (Localization) it is.
 * It needs to detect and avoid obstacles (Collision Avoidance).
 * It needs memory of its surroundings (Mapping).
 * It has to be able to plan a route (Trajectory Planning) to point B.
 * It has to be able to explore (Exploration) new terrain.