Rhetoric and Composition/Disruptive comma

 Editing symbols:  dc  or  no, 

Disruptive commas are simply those that aren't needed -- those that "disrupt" the flow of the sentence. Here are some guidelines about places where you don't need to use commas.


 * Don't put a comma between a noun and the action it's doing, even when several words come between them.
 * Most organic compounds,  contain oxygen, nitrogen, and halogens.
 * In the Islamic bayaa ceremony, prominent citizens,  pledge allegiance to a newly elected leader.
 * A visit to The City Museum's exhibit on the origins of photography , provided an inspiring start to the class.


 * Don't put a comma before these words unless there is an independent clause on each side: and, or, but, for, so, nor, yet.
 * The town was first settled in 1865 ,  and incorporated in 1868.
 * The study sample was the correct size ,  but insufficiently diversified.
 * The Australian conductor Richard Bonynge was born in Sydney ,  and returned there after studying in London.


 * Don't put a comma before a list.
 * The neighborhood contains several examples of classic mid-century architecture, including ,  the Dean Martin, Frank Sinatra, and Kennedy homes.
 * The recommended treatment focuses on changes in diet, such as ,  increased fiber, less fat, and fewer processed foods.
 * The group of benefits considered standard is made up of ,  health insurance, disability insurance, and a retirement account.