Quenya/Ablative

Usage
The ablative corresponds to the preposition "from".

So it is used for origins that involve motion:


 * tuluvan i ciryallo  "I shall come from the boat"

or for the originator of something given:


 * tuvunes i malta i cundullo  "he received the gold from the prince"

The ablative is also used with following words:

The verb ruc- "fear", to express what is "feared":


 * i hína runcë i huinello  "the child feared the shadow"

The preposition et "out, out of":


 * i fëa tullë et i olpello  "the spirit came out of the bottle"

Singular
The basic ending is -llo after vowels and  -ello after consonants.

Most words simply add this ending:
 * lassë "leaf" &rarr; lassello


 * tári "queen" &rarr; tárillo


 * vendë "girl" &rarr; vendello


 * aran "king" &rarr; aranello


 * atar "father" &rarr; atarello


 * sarat "sign" &rarr; saratello

Words that have a stem-form use this stem-form:
 * nís "woman" &rarr; nissello


 * curo "device" &rarr; curullo


 * lómë "night" &rarr; lómillo

'Exceptions:'
 * Words ending in -l contract with the ending:
 * menel "heaven" &rarr; menello


 * Providing no duplicate words arise, endings in -r,  -n,  -s lose this final consonant before adding  -llo:
 * rómen "east" &rarr; rómello


 * tavas "woodland" &rarr; tavallo

When using these rules you have to look at the final letter of the stem-form (and not at the final letter of the nominative):
 * talan "floor" &rarr; talamello (stem-form  talam-)


 * nén "water" &rarr; nello (stem-form  nen-)

The ablative of contracted stems (see ../Stem-forms/) doesn't use the stem-form but the nominative singular:
 * haran "leader" &rarr; harallo (stem-form  harn-)

Doubled L-stems also use the nominative singular:
 * amil "mother" &rarr; amillo (stem-form  amill-)

(For these nouns, the genitive and ablative singular are identical.)

Plural
The ending is -llon after vowels and  -illon after consonants.
 * mindon "tower" &rarr; mindonillon


 * elda "elf" &rarr; eldallon

(note: sometimes the plural endings -llor and  -illor are seen, but these are not preferred. They may have something to with nouns having an -r plural form.)

'Exceptions:'
 * Words ending in -l contract with the ending:


 * macil "sword" &rarr; macillon


 * Doubled L-stems use the nominative singular:


 * amil "mother" &rarr; amillon (stem-form amill-)

Dual

 * U-duals get -llo onto the nominative dual plural of the noun:


 * aldu "a pair of trees" &rarr; aldullo (nom.sing.:  alda)


 * In t-duals the final -t is replaced by  -lto:


 * ciryat "a pair of ships" &rarr; ciryalto (nom.sing.:  cirya)


 * aranet "a pair of kings" &rarr; aranelto (nom.sing.:  aran)

Partitive Plural
We add -llon or  -llo to the nominative partitive plural of the noun: (the ending -llon is preferred, and again sometimes  -llor is seen.)
 * ciryali "some ships" &rarr; ciryalillon/ciryalillo (nom.sing.:  cirya)

>> Neo-Quenya >> ../Nouns/ >> ../Ablative/