Pinyin/Yellow Fever

See also

Yellow fever is a viral disease, found in tropical regions of Africa and the Americas. It principally affects humans and monkeys, and is transmitted via the bite of Aedes mosquitoes. It can produce devastating outbreaks, which can be prevented and controlled by mass vaccination campaigns.

The first symptoms of the disease usually appear 3–6 days after infection. The first, or “acute”, phase is characterized by fever, muscle pain, headache, shivers, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting. After 3–4 days, most patients improve and symptoms disappear. However, in a few cases, the disease enters a “toxic” phase: fever reappears, and the patient develops jaundice and sometimes bleeding, with blood appearing in the vomit (the typical "vomito negro"). About 50% of patients who enter the toxic phase die within 10–14 days.

There is no specific treatment for yellow fever. Vaccination is highly recommended as a preventive measure for travellers to, and people living in, endemic countries.

Huángrèbìng shì yīzhǒng bìngdúxìng jíbìng, fāxiàn yú Fēizhōu hé Měizhōu de rèdài dìqū. Gāi-bìng zhǔyào yǐngxiǎng rénlèi hé hóuzi, tōngguò Aedes wénzi dīngyǎo chuánbò. Gāi-bìng kě zàochéng pòhuàixìng jíqiáng de yìqíng, tōngguò dàguīmó yìmiáo jiēzhòng yùndòng kě yǔyǐ yùfáng hé kòngzhì.

Jíbìng de chūbù zhèngzhuàng tōngcháng zài gǎnrǎn zhīhòu 3-6 tiān chūxiàn. Dìyī-qī yě chēngwéi jíxìng-qī, tèzhēng shì fārè, jīròu téngtòng, tóutòng, hánzhàn, shíyùbùzhèn, ěxīn hé ǒutù. Zài 3-4 tiān zhīhòu, duōshù bìngrén hǎozhuǎn, zhèngzhuàng xiāoshī. Dànshì, zài shǎoshù bìnglì zhōng, jíbìng jìnrù “dúxìng”-qī: Chóngxīn chūxiàn fārè, bìngrén xíngchéng huángdǎn bìngqiě yǒushí chūxuè, zài ǒutùwù zhòng chūxiàn xuèyè (diǎnxíng de “hēisè ǒutùwù”). Jìnrù dúxìng-qī de bìngrén yuē yǒu 50% zài 10-14 tiān zhīnèi sǐwáng.

Duì huángrèbìng méiyǒu tèxiào zhìliáo fāngfǎ. Dàlì jiànyì bǎ yìmiáo jiēzhǒng zuòwéi yīzhǒng yùfáng cuòshī, gōng qiánwǎng liúxíng guójiā de lǚxíngzhě hé dāngdì jūmín shǐyòng.