Obstetrics and Gynecology/Adenomyosis

Definition
Adenomyosis is defined as the growth of endometrial glandular and stromal tissue within the myometrium.

Epidemiology

 * Adenomyosis occurs in 10-20% of women.
 * There is a preponderance for adenomyosis in women over the age of 40.

Etiology, Risk Factors, and Pathophysiology

 * Adenomyosis occurs due to the growth of endometrium inwards (to the myometrial-endometrial interface)

Clinical Presentation and Diagnostic Approach
Adenomyosis typically presents with
 * Dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia
 * Enlarged, tender uterus
 * Suggestive MRI/CT scanning

Diagnosis of adenomyosis is done through hysterectomy.

Management
Hysterectomy is the only effective therapy for adenomyosis.