Neapolitan/pronunciation

Final vowel sounds
Neapolitan words can end either stressed (with an accent mark) or unstressed. As a general rule, words ending with a stressed vowel (called "acute" words) have the last vowel pronounced.

The ends of many unstressed words are pronounced as a schwa (ə); that is, it sounds as if the final vowel is being swallowed. This has led to Neapolitan often being written with many words ending in consonants followed by an apostrophe-
 * facenn '  for facenno ("doing"), sacc '  for saccio ("I know") etc.

Generally, all words ending in "a" have the last vowel pronounced, though less strongly than as would be the case in Italian.
 * còzzeca ("mussel"), varca ("boat"), mammà ("mother").

Pronunciation

 * a - /a~ɑ/ in stressed syllables, /ə/ in unstressed syllables
 * b - /b/
 * c - /k/ before a;o;u, /t͡ʃ~ʃ/ before i or e. Cia, cio, ciu have the /t͡ʃ~ʃ/ sound (no /i/ sound). It can also sound like /g/ when preceded by a voiced consonant ('ncoppa is pronounced, and frequently spelled, 'ngoppa)
 * d - /d~r/ intervocalic d is usually pronounced like an r. dd can be pronounced /r/ or /dd/ (ro and do along with arrò and addò are examples of interchangeable spelling)
 * e - /e/ in closed, stressed syllables, /ɛ/ in open, stressed syllables, /ə/ or silent in unstressed syllables
 * f - /f/
 * g - /g/ before a;o;u, /d͡ʒ~ʒ/ before i or e, gia, gio, giu have the /d͡ʒ~ʒ/ sound (no /i/ sound). Before a u that precedes another vowel, the g is silent, as in guaglione, sometimes also spelled uaglione or uagliò
 * h - silent. Used to differentiate between 2 words, such as 'ha' vs. 'a'
 * i - /i/ or sometimes /ɪ~ə/ in unstressed syllables
 * j - /j/
 * l - /l/
 * m - /m/
 * n - /n/
 * o - /o/ in closed, stressed syllables, /ɔ/ in open, stressed syllables, /ə/ or silent in unstressed syllables
 * p - /p/
 * qu - /kw/
 * r - /r/ɾ/ is most common, but can also be pronounced /l/ before another consonant, like in barcone or borsetta, causing them to sometimes be spelled balcone or bolsetta. Or at the end of a word such as tir' or vir', pronounced /til/ and /vil/
 * s - /s~z/
 * t - /t/, /d/ voiced after 'n'
 * u - /u/ or sometimes /ʊ~ə/ in unstressed syllables
 * v - /v/
 * (w) - /w/ only found in foreign words
 * (x) - /ks/ only found in foreign words
 * (y) - /j/ only found in foreign words
 * z - /ts~dz/
 * ch - /k/
 * gn - /ɲ/ [ɲɲ]
 * gli - /ʎ/ or /ʝ/, sometimes [ʝʝ]