Microfluidics/Driving flows at small scales

It is difficult to produce small turbines. Pumping fluid from outside is easier, but it is not simple to integrate as many tubings.

Specific solutions are needed: we list some of them below:

Electrokinetic effects
Electrostatics in solution


 * Electro-osmosis


 * Electro-phoresis


 * Dielectrophoresis

Acoustic streaming

 * Quartz wind


 * Boundary-induced streaming


 * Cavitation micro-streaming

Fluid structure interactions

 * Soft walls


 * Intelligent walls made of a responsive gel