HydroGeoSphere/Dual Continuum

Default dual-continua transport values
By default, all dual continua zones (and elements) in the domain will be assigned default transport properties which are listed in Table 5.23:

The following instructions can be applied to dual continua, as discussed in Section 5.8.1, to modify the default transport parameters. For each instruction we will indicate its scope (i.e. .grok, .dprops). Recall that if an instruction is used in the prefix.grok file, it will affect the current set of chosen zones, while in a properties (e.g. .dprops) file, it will only affect the named material of which it is a part.

Longitudinal dispersivity
Scope: .grok .dprops
 * 1) val Longitudinal dispersivity [L], $${\alpha}_{ld}$$ in Equation 2.105.
 * &bull; &bull; &bull;

Transverse dispersivity
Scope: .grok .dprops
 * 1) val Horizontal component of the transverse dispersivity [L], $${\alpha}_{td}$$ in Equation 2.105.
 * &bull; &bull; &bull;

Vertical transverse dispersivity
Scope: .grok .dprops
 * 1) val Vertical component of the transverse dispersivity [L], $${\alpha}_{td}$$ in Equation 2.105.
 * &bull; &bull; &bull;

Tortuosity
Scope: .grok .dprops
 * 1) val Tortuosity, $${\tau}_d$$ in Equation 2.105.
 * &bull; &bull; &bull;

Anisotropic tortuosity ratio
<tt>Scope: .grok .mprops</tt>
 * 1) y_tortratio Tortuosity ratio in the y-direction. Default value is 1.
 * 2) z_tortratio Tortuosity ratio in the z-direction. Default value is 1.

By default, tortuosity is isotropic, since the ratio values are set to 1 in both the y- and z-directions. You may make tortuosity anisotropic by entering a value greater than 0 and less than 1. These values will be used to multiple the tortuosity, $${\tau}_d$$ in the y- and z-directions respectively, to obtain the directional values.
 * &bull; &bull; &bull;

Bulk density
<tt>Scope: .grok .dprops</tt>
 * 1) val Bulk density [M L−3], $${\rho}_{bd}$$ in Equation 2.104.
 * &bull; &bull; &bull;

First-order mass exchange
<tt>Scope: .dprops</tt>
 * 1) val First-order mass transfer coefficient [L−1], $${\alpha}_s$$ in Equations 2.138 and 2.139.
 * &bull; &bull; &bull;