Horticulture/Geranium

The cranesbills or "Hardy Geraniums" make up the genus Geranium 422 species of annual, biennial, and perennial plants found throughout the temperate regions of the world and the mountains of the tropics, but mostly in the eastern part of the Mediterranean.

Confusingly, "geranium" is also the common name of members of the genus ../Pelargonium/, which were formerly classified in the cranesbill genus. In the United States, true Geraniums are frequently distinguished from the less hardy Pelargoniums as (rather redundantly) "hardy geraniums" by gardeners and in the horticultural trade. One can make the distinction between the two by looking at the flowers : Geranium has symmetrical flowers, while Pelargonium has irregular or maculate petals. Other former members of the genus are now classified in genus ../Erodium/, including the plants known as filarees in North America.

One species of Geranium, Geranium viscosissimum is considered to be protocarnivorous.

Description
The name "cranesbill" derives from the appearance of the seed-heads, which have the same shape as the bill of a Crane. The genus name is derived from the Greek word geranos, meaning 'crane'. The long, palmately cleft leaves are broadly circular in form. Their rose, pink to blue or white flowers have 5 petals.

Growing conditions
Well drained soils, light requirements vary by species.

Varieties
List of cranesbill species

Uses
Most Geraniums are grown as ground covers, or as fillers in herbaceous and mixed borders.

Maintenance
Deadhead both to encourage rebloom and prevent self-seeding (many species can become quite weedy).

Propagation
Propagation is by semi-ripe cuttings in summer, by seed or by division in autumn or spring.

Pests and diseases
../Caterpillars/
 * Brown-tail
 * Mouse Moth