History of video games/Platforms/UzeBox

Introduction
As a result of it's minimalist design, Uzebox became the perhaps the first open hardware game console to see significant production and development, proving a model that many other open source consoles would follow in.

History
Uzebox 1.0 was released on August 24th, 2008.

Adafruit produced a Uzebox variant called the Fuzebox in November of 2008.

In late 2009 video playback support was added to the Uzebox.

In March of 2011 the energy drink company Redbull created a console based on the UzeBox.

The Belogic domain which hosted the UzeBox website appears to have gone offline around January 26th, 2021.

Technology
The technology direction of the Uzebox is described as "Retro Minimalist" by Uzebox creator Alec Bourque. As a result the Uzebox uses far fewer components and uses much older technology compared to other contemporary consoles.

Compute
The Uzebox is based around an 8-bit Atmel ATmega644 AVR architecture microcontroller that is rated for 20 megahertz, but overclocked to 28.6 megahertz. The ATmega644 has four kilobytes of RAM and 644 kilobytes of flash storage, which is the entirety of memory and storage on the console. The Microcontroller is responsible for general compute, graphics, and sound, which is especially impressive given the lack of an built in hardware GPU or audio codec on the chip. The system can generate up to 32 sprites can be displayed at once, and output at a maximum resolution of 360 by 244 pixels.

The microcontroller is the primary integrated circuit on the console. The only other integrated circuit used is either an AD725 or an AD723 chip depending on the configuration, which converts RGB from the microcontroller into an NTSC signal.

A simple but effective DAC is implemented in resistors, with a mini DAC for Red, Green, and Blue each. This allows the system to output up to 256 colors, with 3 bits of green, 3 bits of red, and 2 bits of blue.

For sound the UzeBox has three wavetable channels, one noise channel, and one PCM channel that outputs in 8 bit mono at 15 kilohertz.

The console originally adopted controllers from the NES, but were later replaced with easier to find SNES controllers. Support for an SD card reader and ethernet support eventually added to the console.

Games
A number of UzeBox games and demos exist.
 * ESD Attack - A game developed by Sparkfun Electronics.

Read more
The WikiBook Embedded Systems has a section on programing Atmel AVR processors.