Healthy eating habits/Importance of Fibre

Fibre is a part of plants that we are unable to digest, which helps to keep our bowels healthy



=Types of Fibre=

Soluble Fibre- helps to make the stool soft and easy to pass through the bowel by absorbing water

Soluble fibre can be found in:
 * fruit and vegetables
 * oats
 * lentils

Insoluble Fibre- Allows the stool to travel through the bowel faster and provides bulk

Insoluble fibre can be found in:
 * breads and cereals (wholegrain varieties)
 * nuts and seeds
 * raw lentils

Resistant Starch- also classified as a dietary fibre. Resistant starch is not digested, bacteria in the gut break it down which helps to keep the digestive system healthy.

Resistant Starch can be found in:
 * 'al-dente' (slightly undercooked) pasta
 * unripe bananas
 * whole legumes
 * potatoes

It is important to eat a variety of both insoluble and soluble fibre in order to achieve optimal fibre intake.

=Health Benefits of Fibre=
 * Keep you 'regular'
 * Can lower cholesterol
 * Prevent constipation
 * Reduce risk of bowel cancer
 * Makes you feel fuller for longer

=Potential Risks of Fibre=

Sudden transition from a low fibre diet to a high fibre diet (a diet, rich in vegetables, grains, fruits and legumes) can cause some upset in the gut such as bloating and cramps. Therefore it is beneficial to ease into a diet rich in fibre, so that the gastrointestinal tract can adjust.

=How much fibre is needed per day?=
 * 25-30g per day
 * 6 serves of grain foods, 5 serves of vegetables and 2 serves of fruit will provide this

Example of how an adult could meet the daily fibre requirement

=Serving Sizes of Vegetables, Grains and Fruit= example serving sizes of the vegetable, grain and fruit food groups

=Fluid= It is important to drink enough fluids when eating high fibre foods in order to avoid constipation. 8-10 cups are recommended and water is ideal

=Easy tips to increase fibre intake?= As university students often lead 'on the go' lifestyles many can find it difficult to meet the fibre recommendations. Below are some simple tips to increase fibre intake:
 * Eating the skin of fruit and vegetables
 * Using wholemeal, wholegrain or rye bread
 * Snacking on raw vegetables, fruit, dried fruit, nuts or wholemeal crackers in-between meals
 * Eat breakfast cereals that contain barley, wheat or oats.
 * Switch to brown rice and pasta
 * Add an extra vegetables to every evening meal.

Fibre containing snack options
below are snack options that could be taken to university or eaten at home while studying that can boost daily fibre intake
 * wholegrain crackers with hommus dip
 * variety of different raw vegetables (skin eaten) cut up and eaten with dip
 * handful of nuts (approximately 10)
 * handful of dried fruit
 * muesli bar with >4g/serve fibre
 * 1 piece of wholegrain toast with baked beans
 * fruit salad (skin eaten)

=Label Reading=

In order to determine whether a food is a good source of fibre refer to the nutrition information panel of the product.

A GOOD SOURCE OF FIBRE- are foods that contain at least 4g/serve

AN EXCELLENT SOURCE OF FIBRE are foods that contain at least 7g/serve

=Fibre Supplements vs Fibre from Food= There are many fibre supplements available in pharmacies in forms of powder, capsules and liquids. It is always better to get fibre from actual foods as they offer other nutritional value not just fibre.

For Example:

Grain foods also contain:
 * Carbohydrates (energy)
 * Protein
 * Range of vitamins and minerals including, folate, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, iron, vitamin E, zinc, magnesium and phosphorous

Vegetable and fruits also contain:
 * A large range of vitamins and minerals including antioxidants
 * Carbohydrates

Supplements are often used better to treat constipation rather than to meet fibre requirements in young adults. The elder population may benefit more from these supplements as eating a lot of high fibre foods be difficult for them to digest

=For further information please visit=
 * Dietitians Association of Australia http://daa.asn.au/?page_id=800
 * Australian Guide to Healthy Eating http://www.eatforhealth.gov.au/food-essentials/five-food-groups/vegetables-and-legumes-beans
 * Bowel Cancer Australia http://www.bowelcanceraustralia.org/bca/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=143&Itemid=292