Handbook of Management Scales/Functional participation

Description
The authors reconceptualize organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in terms of civic citizenship and propose a new OCB measurement. It uses five categories of citizenship: loyalty, obedience, social participation, advocacy participation, and functional participation. Based on data from 950 employees, support is found for the measurement's construct validity.

Definition
Organizational citizenship can be conceptualized as a global concept that includes all positive organizationally relevant behaviors of individual organization members.

Hereby, organizational participation is interest in organizational affairs guided by ideal standards of virtue, validated by an individual's keeping informed, and expressed through full and responsible involvement in organizational governance.

Particularly, functional participation relates to a form of participatory contribution in which individuals focus on themselves rather than others in their organizations but yet contribute to organizational effectiveness.

Items

 * Does not pursue additional training to improve performance (R). (0.64)
 * Avoids extra duties and responsibilities at work (R). (0.57)
 * Does not work beyond what is required (R). (0.56)
 * Volunteers for overtime work when needed. (0.47)
 * Has difficulty cooperating with others on projects (R). (0.39)

Source

 * Van Dyne, Graham & Dienesch (1994): Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Construct Redefinition, Measurement, and Validation. Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 37, No. 4, pp. 765–802

Comments
The factor loadings of most of the items were below 0.60 and, thus, relatively low. The loadings of the last two items was even below 0.50.

Related Scales

 * social participation
 * advocacy participation