Handbook of Management Scales/Advocacy participation

Description
The authors reconceptualize organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in terms of civic citizenship and propose a new OCB measurement. It uses five categories of citizenship: loyalty, obedience, social participation, advocacy participation, and functional participation. Based on data from 950 employees, support is found for the measurement's construct validity.

Definition
Organizational citizenship can be conceptualized as a global concept that includes all positive organizationally relevant behaviors of individual organization members.

Hereby, organizational participation is interest in organizational affairs guided by ideal standards of virtue, validated by an individual's keeping informed, and expressed through full and responsible involvement in organizational governance.

Particularly, advocacy participation relates to forms of participation that reflect a willingness to be controversial.

Items

 * Frequently makes creative suggestions to coworkers. (0.66)
 * Uses professional judgement to assess right/wrong for organization. (0.58)
 * Encourages management to keep knowledge/skills current. (0.56)
 * Encourages others to speak up at meetings. (0.55)
 * Helps coworkers think for themselves. (0.55)
 * Keeps well-informed where opinion might benefit organization. (0.50)
 * Does not push superiors to perform to higher standards (R). (0.43)

Source

 * Van Dyne, Graham & Dienesch (1994): Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Construct Redefinition, Measurement, and Validation. Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 37, No. 4, pp. 765–802

Comments
The factor loadings of most of the items were below 0.60 and, thus, relatively low. The loading of the last item was even 0.43.

Related Scales

 * Social participation
 * Functional participation