General Chemistry/Properties and Theories of Acids and Bases/Answers

1.


 * a) hydrobromic acid
 * b) sulfuric acid
 * c) potassium hydroxide, base
 * d) sulfurous acid
 * e) phosphoric acid
 * f) bromous acid
 * g) sodium chloride, neutral salt

2. Substance: conjugate acid; conjugate base


 * a) water (H2O): hydronium (H3O+); hydroxide (OH-)
 * b) ammonia (NH3): ammonium (NH4+); amide (NH2-)
 * c) bisulfate ion (HSO4-): sulfuric acid (H2SO4); sulfate ion (SO42-)
 * d) zinc hydroxide (Zn(OH)2): Zn(OH)+; no conjugate base
 * e) hydrobromic acid (HBr): no conjugate acid; Br-
 * f) nitrite ion (NO2-): nitrous acid (HNO2); no conjugate base
 * g) dihydrogen phosphate ion (H2PO4-): phosphoric acid (H3PO4); biphosphate ion (HPO42-)

3.


 * a) A, E
 * b) B, C
 * c) A, B, C, E
 * d) D
 * e) No. Both acids and bases will conduct electricity.

4. Conjugate acids are underlined. Conjugate bases are in bold font.


 * a) HCl + H2O → H3O + Cl-
 * b) HClO + H2O → ClO- + H3O
 * c) CH3CH2NH2 + H2O → CH3CH2NH3+ + OH-

5.


 * a) strontium hydroxide: both
 * b) butyllithium (C4H9Li): Brønsted-Lowry (reacts with protons to form C4H10 + Li)
 * c) ammonia: Brønsted-Lowry
 * d) potassium hydroxide: both
 * e) potassium iodide: neither

6. No, pure water can still have a very minute amount of dissolved ions.


 * H2O + H2O → H3O+ + OH-