Electronics Fundamentals/Electromagnetic Devices/Transformer

Transformer
A transformer is an electronic component that has the capability to increase, decrease or buffer voltage

Construction
Transformer is constructed from two coils wounded on two sides of a square
 * Single-phase_transformer.svg


 * $$\frac{V_o}{V_i} = \frac{N_2}{N_1}$$

Operation
From above,
 * $$V_o = V_i \frac{N_2}{N_1}$$

Step Up Voltage
 * $$V_o > V_i $$ when $$N_2 > N_1$$

Step Down Voltage
 * $$V_o < V_i $$ when $$N_2 < N_1$$

Buffer
 * $$V_o = V_i $$ when $$ N_2 = N_1$$

Reference

 * Transformer