Effective Reasoning/Deduction and Induction

Deduction and induction are two different methods of reasoning.


 * Deduction uses logical assumptions to reach a logical conclusion. It involves reasoning from one or more statements (premises) to reach a logical conclusion. In deductive logic, inference leads from a set of premises to a conclusion just as certain as the premises. If the premises are true, the conclusion cannot be false.
 * Induction uses observations to justify a conclusion. In other words, inductive reasoning is drawing conclusions by going from specific to general. While deductive reasoning goes from general information to specific conclusion.

Inductive reasoning
Simple Definition: using observations to form a general conclusion.

Deductive reasoning
Simple Definition: using logical premises to reach a logical conclusion.

If p represents all the premises, and q represents the conclusion then $$p \Rightarrow q$$. In other words, if all the premises are true, then the conclusion must also be true.