Czech/Nouns/Case/Instrumental

=Instrumental Case in Czech (7th)=

Instrumental case is used to mark the instrument, after some prepositions (such as s "with") or with some verbs.

Declension

 * Group 1:
 * M: nouns whose nom/sg end in a consonant without haček (doktor/hrad)
 * F: nouns ending in -a
 * N: nouns ending in -o
 * Group 2 (soft ending):
 * M: nouns ending in a consonant with haček, -e,/ě -c, -j, -tel
 * Group 3:
 * M: nouns whose nom/sg end in -a
 * F: nouns ending in -st
 * N: nouns ending in -í

Used a a tool or means of transport

 * Jeli jsme autem  – We went by car
 * Jedli nožem  – They ate with a knife

After certain verbs

 * Stal jsem se studentem  – I became a student

Prepositions

 * s – with (e.g. s tebou  – with you)
 * mluvím s doktorem  – I talk with my doctor
 * za – behind, beyond, after (place), in/after (time);
 * stát za rohem  – to stand behind the corner\
 * kdo za tím je? – who's behind (it)?/what's the meritum?
 * za horizontem  – beyond the horizon
 * před – in front of (place); before; ago; from; against
 * přímo před tebou  – right in front of you
 * před mnoha lety  – many years ago
 * uniknout před pronásledovateli  – to escape from pursuers
 * varovat před ním  – to warn against him)
 * pod – under(neath), below (place)
 * pod stolem spí pes – a dog is sleeping under the table
 * nad – over, above (place)
 * mezi – between, among (place)
 * mezi póly  – between poles
 * mezi kuřaty  – among chicken