Cascading Style Sheets/Browser Extensions

Each web browser's layout engine has its own extension for the features of CSS it supports, whether they be proprietary, experimental or purely internal. For instance, many browsers only have experimental CSS3 implementations, so the CSS property is often prefixed by the layout engine's name. The most famous example would probably be, which for the longest time was only supported by WebKit and Gecko as and  respectively ( is now supported by WebKit, Gecko, Presto & Trident without the vendor prefix).


 * -engine-property: arguments;

IE Specific Properties
-Use (-ms-)writing-mode: bt-rl; to vertically align text, with punctuation at the beginning of the string to display text that reads vertically in IE7+

-Use (-ms-)text-align-last for orphan lines at the end of paragraphs

-Use text-align:justify; text-justify: newspaper; text-align-last:end for newspaper layouts

(-ms- for IE8+)